2-oxo-3-isopropylsuccinic acid

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 酮酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 2-oxo-3-isopropylsuccinic acid
• 英文别名: 2-Oxo-3-propan-2-ylbutanedioic acid
• 化学式: C₇H₁₀O₅
• 分子量: 174.153
• InChiKey: HIIZAGQWABAMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.7
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.57
• 拓扑面积：
  91.7
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-oxo-3-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-4-methylpentanoic acid 在 三氟乙酸 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 1.17h， 以95%的产率得到2-oxo-3-isopropylsuccinic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Kinetic Mechanism and Reaction Pathway of Thermus thermophilus Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase

  摘要：

  Mechanistic studies of isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IMDH, EC 1.1.1.85),the penultimate enzyme in leucine biosynthesis in bacteria and yeast, have been conducted. It performs two chemical operations, oxidation and decarboxylation, on isopropylmalate to produce alpha-ketoisocaproate. A recombinant enzyme encoded by the leuB gene of the thermophilic bacterium T. thermophilus was used for experiments addressing the kinetic mechanism and chemical pathway of IMDH. A new, asymmetric synthesis of the substrate, (2R,3S)-isopropylmalate, has been developed starting from (2R,3R)tartaric acid. On the basis of kinetic inhibition patterns and exchange experiments, it has been shown that the enzyme follows an ordered sequential bi-tri mechanism, with cofactor NAD binding before substrate beta-isopropylmalate. The release of products occurs in the order CO2, alpha-ketoisocaproate, and NADH. The enzyme catalyzes the exchange of solvent protons into the cu-position of the product, implying that an enol/enolate intermediate is formed. The enzyme conducts two discrete steps: dehydrogenation to isopropyloxaloacetate, which was prepared and shown to be a competent substrate, and decarboxylation to give product.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo00088a025

文献信息

• METHYLBUTANOL AS AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL
  申请人：Picataggio Stephen

  公开号：US20090288337A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-11-26

  This invention describes genes, metabolic pathways, microbial strains and methods to produce methyl butanol and other compounds of interest from renewable feedstocks.

  这项发明描述了从可再生原料中生产甲基丁醇和其他感兴趣化合物的基因、代谢途径、微生物菌株和方法。
• BIOFUEL PRODUCTION BY RECOMBINANT MICROORGANISMS
  申请人：Liao James C.

  公开号：US20090081746A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-03-26

  Provided herein are metabolically-modified microorganisms useful for producing biofuels. More specifically, provided herein are methods of producing high alcohols including isobutanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-phenylethanol from a suitable substrate.

  本文提供了用于生产生物燃料的代谢修饰微生物。更具体地，本文提供了从适当底物中生产高醇类化合物的方法，包括异丁醇、1-丁醇、1-丙醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇和2-苯乙醇。
• Compositions and methods for modeling saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism
  申请人：The Regents of The University of California

  公开号：EP2463654A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-06-13

  The invention provides an in silica model for determining a S. cerevisiae physiological function. The model includes a data structure relating a plurality of S. cerevisiae reactants to a plurality of S. cerevisiae reactions, a constraint set for the plurality of S. cerevisiae reactions, and commands for determining a distribution of flux through the reactions that is predictive of a S. cerevisiae physiological function. A model of the invention can further include a gene database containing information characterizing the associated gene or genes. The invention further provides methods for making an in silica S. cerevisiae model and methods for determining a S. cerevisiae physiological function using a model of the invention. The invention provides an in silica model for determining a S. cerevisiae physiological function. The model includes a data structure relating a plurality of S. cerevisiae reactants to a plurality of S. cerevisiae reactions, a constraint set for the plurality of S. cerevisiae reactions, and commands for determining a distribution of flux through the reactions that is predictive of a S. cerevisiae physiological function. A model of the invention can further include a gene database containing information characterizing the associated gene or genes. The invention further provides methods for making an in silica S. cerevisiae model and methods for determining a S. cerevisiae physiological function using a model of the invention.

  本发明提供了一种用于确定酿酒葡萄孢菌生理功能的硅胶模型。该模型包括一个将多个酿酒葡萄孢反应物与多个酿酒葡萄孢反应相关联的数据结构、多个酿酒葡萄孢反应的约束集，以及用于确定通过反应的通量分布的指令，该通量分布可预测酿酒葡萄孢的生理功能。本发明的模型可进一步包括一个基因数据库，其中包含表征相关基因的信息。本发明进一步提供了硅胶中酿酒葡萄孢模型的制作方法和使用本发明模型确定酿酒葡萄孢生理功能的方法。本发明提供了一种用于确定酿酒葡萄孢菌生理功能的硅胶模型。该模型包括将多个酿酒葡萄孢反应物与多个酿酒葡萄孢反应相关联的数据结构、多个酿酒葡萄孢反应的约束集，以及用于确定通过反应的通量分布的指令，该通量分布可预测酿酒葡萄孢的生理功能。本发明的模型可进一步包括一个基因数据库，其中包含表征相关基因的信息。本发明进一步提供了制作硅胶葡萄孢菌模型的方法和使用本发明模型确定葡萄孢菌生理功能的方法。
• Isopropylmalate synthase from Nicotiana tabacum and methods and uses thereof
  申请人：Philip Morris Products S.A.

  公开号：EP2565265A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-03-06

  The present invention relates to a mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic plant cell comprising: (i) at least one polynucleotide comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of a sequence encoding an isopropylmalate synthase and having at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:10 or SEQ ID NO: 12 or SEQ ID NO:14; or (ii) a polypeptide encoded by said polynucleotide(s); or (iii) a polypeptide having at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 or SEQ ID NO:11 or SEQ ID NO:13 or SEQ ID NO:15; or (iv) a construct, vector or expression vector comprising said polynucleotide sequence(s), optionally wherein said construct, vector or expression vector additionally comprises a promoter comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:8 or a variant thereof with at least about 60% identity thereto or a trichome promoter.

  本发明涉及一种突变体、非天然产生的或转基因植物细胞，该细胞包含：(i) 至少一种多核苷酸，该多核苷酸由编码异丙基丙二酸合成酶的序列组成，或主要由编码异丙基丙二酸合成酶的序列组成，并且与SEQ ID NO：1 或 SEQ ID NO:10 或 SEQ ID NO:12 或 SEQ ID NO:14；或 (ii) 由所述多核苷酸编码的多肽；或 (iii) 与 SEQ ID NO：2 或 SEQ ID NO:11 或 SEQ ID NO:13 或 SEQ ID NO:15；或(iv)包含所述多核苷酸序列的构建体、载体或表达载体，可选地，其中所述构建体、载体或表达载体另外包含一个启动子，该启动子由 SEQ ID NO:8 所述序列或其至少约 60% 相同的变体或毛状体启动子组成或基本由其组成。
• Polypeptides with ketol-acid reductoisomerase activity
  申请人：Butamax Advanced Biofuels LLC

  公开号：US10174345B2

  公开（公告）日：2019-01-08

  Polypeptides having ketol-acid reductoisomerase activity are provided. Also disclosed are recombinant host cells comprising isobutanol biosynthetic pathways employing such polypeptides. Methods for producing isobutanol employing host cells comprising the polypeptides having ketol-acid reductoisomerase activity are also disclosed.

  提供了具有酮醇酸还原异构酶活性的多肽。此外，还公开了重组宿主细胞，这些细胞包含采用这种多肽的异丁醇生物合成途径。还公开了利用包含具有酮酸还原异构酶活性的多肽的宿主细胞生产异丁醇的方法。