Pd-Catalyzed Amidation of 2-Chloro- and 2,7-Dichloro-1,8-naphthyridines
摘要:
The catalytic amidation between 2-chloro- and 2,7-dichloro-1,8-naphthyridines and primary amides bearing functional groups is reported. When Pd(OAc)(2), xantphos, and K2CO3 are used, it is possible to obtain symmetric as well as non-symmetric 2,7-diamido-1,8-naphthyridines in 50-90% yield with good functional-group tolerance. Monoamidation of 2,7-dichloro-1,8-naphthyridine using 0.9 equiv of the amide proceeded with good selectivity compared to the formation of the diamide, but as a result of the difficult isolation of the product, isolated yields were poor to moderate (22-42%).
Transition-Metal-Free Hydration of Nitriles Using Potassium tert-Butoxide under Anhydrous Conditions
摘要:
Potassium tert-butoxide acts as a nucleophilic oxygen source during the hydration of nitriles to give the corresponding amides under anhydrous conditions. The reaction proceeds smoothly for a broad range of substrates under mild conditions, providing an efficient and economically affordable synthetic route to the amides in excellent yields. This protocol does not need any transition-metal catalyst or any special experimental setup and is easily scalable to bulk scale synthesis. A single-electron-transfer radical mechanism as well as an ionic mechanism have been proposed for the hydration process.
[EN] PROCESS FOR PREPARING INTERMEDIATES<br/>[FR] PROCEDE DE PREPARATION D'INTERMEDIAIRES
申请人:NOVARTIS AG
公开号:WO2004026824A1
公开(公告)日:2004-04-01
The present invention is directed to a process for preparing intermediates that are useful to prepare certain antibacterial N-formyl hydroxylamine compounds which are peptide deformylase inhibitors. The process makes use α β-lactam intermediate. Certain optically pure intermediates are also claimed.
Potassium tert-butoxide acts as a nucleophilic oxygen source during the hydration of nitriles to give the corresponding amides under anhydrous conditions. The reaction proceeds smoothly for a broad range of substrates under mild conditions, providing an efficient and economically affordable synthetic route to the amides in excellent yields. This protocol does not need any transition-metal catalyst or any special experimental setup and is easily scalable to bulk scale synthesis. A single-electron-transfer radical mechanism as well as an ionic mechanism have been proposed for the hydration process.