Syntheses of proline analogs as potential mechanism-based inhibitors of proline dehydrogenase: 4-methylene-L-, (E)- and (Z)-4-(fluoromethylene)-L-, cis- and trans-5-ethynyl-(.+-.)-, and cis- and trans-5-vinyl-L-proline
作者:Franco Manfre、Jean Marc Kern、Jean Francois Biellmann
DOI:10.1021/jo00033a029
日期:1992.3
Proline dehydrogenase is an enzyme involved in the energetic processes required for flight in certain insects including the tse-tse fly. Proline analogues were designed for the inhibition of this enzyme. For this purpose 4-methylene-L-proline and (E)- and (Z)-4-(fluoromethylene)-L-proline were prepared from trans-4-hydroxyl-L-proline through the following sequence: protection at the nitrogen with a tert-butoxycarbonyl and at the caboxylic acid as methyl ester, oxidation of the hydroxyl group to a ketone, Wittig reaction, and removal of the protecting groups. The cis- and trans-5-ethynyl-(+/-)-proline was prepared from N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-propynylamine whose dianion reacted with 1,2-epoxy 4-bromobutane. Cyclization in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, oxidation of the primary alcohol to acid, and removal of the protecting groups gave cis- and trans-5-ethynyl-(+/-)-proline. Stereoselectivity was observed in the reaction of the dianion of 3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-propynylamine with 1,2-epoxy-4-bromobutane. The cis- and trans-5-vinyl-L-prolines were prepared from N-(methoxycarbonyl)-5-methoxy-L-proline ester by reaction with bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene in the presence of titanium tetrachloride followed by sequential removal of the protecting groups and by reduction. The cis and trans configuration of the 5-vinyl-L-proline obtained was established by comparison of the NMR spectrum of the trans-N-tosyl-5-vinyl-(+/-)-proline methyl ester with the published spectrum of the trans derivative.