Diastereoselective hydrogenation and kinetic resolution of imines using rhodium/diphosphine catalyzed hydrogenation.
摘要:
Kinetic resolution of racemic alpha-methylbenzyl amine can be achieved with 98% e.e. of the remaining amine at 70% conversion using the Rhodium/2S,4S-BDPP catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of imines. The same catalyst will hydrogenate optically pure alpha-methylbenzyl amines with a diastereoselectivity of up to 333:1.
Routes to enantioenriched amines are outlined that employ reductive amination and carbanion addition methods. The strategies require either one or two reaction steps from prochiral carbonyl compounds for the synthesis of the corresponding chiral primary amines.
Highly Diastereoselective Hydrogenation of Imines by a Bimetallic Pd−Cu Heterogeneous Catalyst
An efficient and practical heterogeneous bimetallic Pd-Cu/C catalyst was identified as an alternative to Raney nickel for the highly diastereoselective hydrogenation of imines prepared from prochiral ketones and alpha-phenylethylamines. Chiral amines were obtained with diastereomeric excess (de) up to 94% using Pd-Cu/C, while conventional Pd-C catalysts afforded only 72% de. Optimization showed that a robust process required a palladium/copper ratio of 4:1. Evidence for the influence of catalyst pretreatment which may change the structure of the catalyst and/or metal oxidation states on the selectivity of the reaction is discussed. The bimetallic catalyst system provided consistent results on scale and performed reliably on a variety of substrates.
Diastereoselective synthesis of chiral secondary amines with two chiral centers directly attached to the nitrogen atom