Ring Contraction of α,β-Unsaturated Cyclic Amines with cis-Dihydroxylation at the α,β-Position
摘要:
alpha,beta-Unsaturated cyclic amines are oxidized by OsO(4) to afford alpha,beta-cis-dihydroxylated compounds which are thermodynamically transformed into ring-opened keto-alcohols. The keto-alcohols are then cyclized to form synthetically useful ring-contracted cyclic amines.
Exploratory Synthetic Studies of the α-Methoxylation of Amides via Cuprous Ion-Promoted Decomposition of o-Diazobenzamides
摘要:
A convenient nonelectrochemical amide oxidation method has been developed. The process involves a cuprous ion-promoted decomposition of o-diazobenzamides like 4, generated in situ from the corresponding o-aminobenzamides, to give N-acyliminium ion intermediate 9 via a 1,5-H-atom transfer, followed by metal-catalyzed oxidation of the resulting alpha-amidyl radical. The transformation produces alpha-methoxybenzamides 15 in good yields. An attempt was made to apply this oxidation method to a total synthesis of the alkaloid (-)-anisomycin (16). Scalemic o-aminobenzamide pyrrolidine derivatives 18a/18b underwent oxidation to give a-methoxylated amide substrates 19a/ 19b, respectively, in good yields. However, alkylation of the N-acyliminium intermediate 20 with (p-methoxybenzyl)magnesium chloride gave the undesired anti-compounds 22a/22b as the major products. The amide oxidation exhibits good regioselectivity with many unsymmetrical 2-substituted piperidine and pyrrolidine systems. In general, it appears that the larger the C-2 substituent, the greater the methylene/methine H-atom abstraction ratio. A mechanistic rationale for this selectivity is suggested based upon amide rotamer populations. An extension of this methodology can be used to conduct two sequential amide oxidations using readily prepared 2-amino-6-nitrobenzamides such as 68 and 69.
Electrochemical Deallylation of α-Allyl Cyclic Amines and Synthesis of Optically Active Quaternary Cyclic Amino Acids
作者:Peter G. Kirira、Masami Kuriyama、Osamu Onomura
DOI:10.1002/chem.200903512
日期:2010.4.6
Electrochemical oxidation of α‐allylated and α‐benzylated N‐acylated cyclic amines by using a graphite anode easily affords the corresponding α‐methoxylated products with up to 76 % yield. Ease of oxidation was affected by the type of electrode, the size of cyclic amine, and the nature of the protecting group. This method was successfully applied to the synthesis of optically active N‐acylated α‐alkyl‐α‐amino