carboxylic acid and aminederivatives catalyzed by TiCp2Cl2. Arylacetic acid derivatives reacted with different amines to afford the corresponding amides in good to excellent yield except of aniline. Aryl formic acids failed to react with aniline but smoothly reacted with aliphatic amines and benzylamine in moderate to good yield, fatty acids reacting with benzyl and aliphatic amines give amides in good
Direct Amide Coupling of Non-activated Carboxylic Acids and Amines Catalysed by Zirconium(IV) Chloride
作者:Helena Lundberg、Fredrik Tinnis、Hans Adolfsson
DOI:10.1002/chem.201104055
日期:2012.3.26
Amidst the green: A green, mild and effective protocol for the direct formation of secondary and tertiary amides from non‐activated carboxylicacids and amines in good to excellent yields by employing ZrCl4 as the catalyst is presented (see scheme). The amidecoupling protocol proved to be suitable for scaled up syntheses, and the mild reaction conditions conserve the enantiopurity of chiral starting
Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids Catalyzed by <i>ortho</i>-Iodo Arylboronic Acids: Catalyst Optimization, Scope, and Preliminary Mechanistic Study Supporting a Peculiar Halogen Acceleration Effect
作者:Nicolas Gernigon、Raed M. Al-Zoubi、Dennis G. Hall
DOI:10.1021/jo3013258
日期:2012.10.5
synthetic products motivates the development of catalytic, direct amidation methods employing free carboxylic acids and amines that circumvent the need for stoichiometric activation or coupling reagents. ortho-Iodophenylboronic acid 4a has recently been shown to catalyze direct amidation reactions at room temperature in the presence of 4A molecularsieves as dehydrating agent. Herein, the arene core of ortho-iodoarylboronic
Regioselective synthesis of <i>ortho</i>-iodobiphenylboronic acid derivatives: a superior catalyst for carboxylic acid activation
作者:Raed M. Al-Zoubi、Walid K. Al-Jammal、Robert McDonald
DOI:10.1039/c9nj05708k
日期:——
An efficient and versatile synthesis of ortho-iodobiphenylboronic acids via the highly regioselective metal–iodine exchange (MIE) of 2,3-diiodobiphenyls is reported. The site-selectivity is very much controlled by the size of the biphenyl fragment, providing only the terminal arylboronic acidderivatives in excellent site-selectivity. The nature of the substituents (R1 and R2) on the biphenyls is found
据报道,通过2,3-二碘联苯的高度区域选择性金属-碘交换(MIE),可以高效,通用地合成邻碘联苯硼酸。联苯片段的大小很大程度上控制了位点选择性,仅以优异的位点选择性提供了末端芳基硼酸衍生物。发现联苯上的取代基(R 1和R 2)的性质对反应性有影响,但对区域选择性没有影响。带有给电子基团的产物提供了最佳的反应性和最高的分离产率。合成的衍生物也进行了体外测试对四种菌株和一种真菌菌株具有抗菌活性。这表明(2-碘-4'-异丙基-[1,1'-联苯] -3-基)硼酸6 A和(3-(苯并[ d ] [1,3]二氧戊基5-基) -2-碘-5-甲氧基苯基)硼酸22 A具有最强的抗菌和抗真菌活性,对蜡状芽孢杆菌和白色念珠菌的MIC分别为0.10和0.3 mg mL -1。还检查了在室温下对酰胺化反应的催化活性,这揭示了一种新的最佳催化剂,(2-碘-4',5-二甲氧基-[1,1'-联苯] -3-基)硼酸19 A
Ophthalmic compositions for treating ocular hypertension
申请人:Boyd A. Edward
公开号:US20060069256A1
公开(公告)日:2006-03-30
This invention relates to the use of potent potassium channel blockers or a formulation thereof in the treatment of glaucoma and other conditions which leads to elevated intraoccular pressure in the eye of a patient. This invention also relates to the use of such compounds to provide a neuroprotective effect to the eye of mammalian species, particularly humans.