Protective Effects of 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine and Its Derivative against Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic and Intestinal Injury in Mice
作者:Yuanyuan Li、Shaofan Kong、Fujun Yang、Wenqing Xu
DOI:10.3390/ijms19051530
日期:——
Ionizing radiation (IR) acts as an external stimulating factor, when it acts on the body, it will activate NF- κ B and cause the up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and induce a large amount of nitric oxide (NO) production. NO and other reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) can cause damage to biological molecules and affect their physiological functions. Our study investigated the protective role of 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine hydrobromide (2-ADT) and 2-acetylamino-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine hydrobromide (2-AADT), two nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, against radiation-induced hematopoietic and intestinal injury in mice. Pretreatment with 2-ADT and 2-AADT improved the survival of mice exposed to a lethal dose of radiation, especially, the survival rate of the 2-ADT 20 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of the vehicle group (p < 0.001). Our findings indicated that the radioprotective actions of 2-ADT and 2-AADT are achieved via accelerating hematopoietic system recovery, decreasing oxidative and nitrosative stress by enhancing the antioxidant defense system and reducing NO as well as peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) content, and mitigating the radiation-induced DNA damage evaluated by comet assay. These results suggest that 2-ADT and 2-AADT may have great application potential in ameliorating the damages of radiotherapy.
电离辐射(IR)作为一种外部刺激因子,当其作用于人体时,会激活 NF- κ B,导致诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)上调,诱导大量一氧化氮(NO)产生。一氧化氮及其他活性氮和氧物种(RNS 和 ROS)会对生物分子造成损伤,影响其生理功能。我们的研究探讨了 2-氨基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噻嗪氢溴酸盐(2-ADT)和 2-乙酰氨基-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噻嗪氢溴酸盐(2-AADT)这两种一氧化氮合酶抑制剂对辐射诱导的小鼠造血和肠道损伤的保护作用。2-ADT和2-AADT的预处理提高了暴露于致死剂量辐射的小鼠的存活率,尤其是2-ADT 20 mg/kg组的存活率明显高于载体组(P < 0.001)。我们的研究结果表明,2-ADT 和 2-AADT 的辐射保护作用是通过加速造血系统恢复、通过增强抗氧化防御系统、降低 NO 和过氧化亚硝酸盐(ONOO - )含量来减少氧化应激和亚硝酸应激,以及通过彗星试验评估减轻辐射诱导的 DNA 损伤来实现的。这些结果表明,2-ADT 和 2-AADT 在改善放疗损伤方面具有巨大的应用潜力。