Enhancing the anti-biofilm activity of 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles through nature inspired dimerisation
作者:Tran Thi Thu Trang、Lise Dieltjens、Geert Hooyberghs、Kai Waldrant、Denis S. Ermolat'ev、Erik V. Van der Eycken、Hans P.L. Steenackers
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.005
日期:2018.5
The increased tolerance of biofilms against disinfectants and antibiotics has stimulated research into new methods of biofilm prevention and eradication. In our previous work, we have identified the 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazole core as a scaffold that demonstrates preventive activity against biofilm formation of a broad range of bacterial and fungal species. Inspired by the dimeric nature of natural 2-aminoimidazoles of the oroidin family, we investigated the potential of dimers of our decorated 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles as biofilm inhibitors. A synthetic approach towards 2-aminoimidazole dimers linked by an alkyl chain was developed and a total of 48 dimers were synthesized. The linkers were introduced at two different positions, the N1-position or the N2-position, and the linker length and the substitution of the 5-phenyl ring (H, F, Cl, Br) were varied. Although, no clear correlation between linker length and biofilm inhibition was observed, a strong increase in anti-biofilm activity for almost all N1, N1'-linked dimers was obtained, compared to the respective monomers against Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The N2, N2'-linked dimers, having a H-or F-substitution, were also found to show a strong increase in anti-biofilm activity compared to the respective monomers against these three bacterial species and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, the obtained growth measurements suggest a broad concentration range with specific biofilm inhibition and no effect on the planktonic growth against Salmonella Typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.