(Acyloxy)alkyl carbamates as novel bioreversible prodrugs for amines: increased permeation through biological membranes
作者:Jose Alexander、Robyn Cargill、Stuart R. Michelson、Harvey Schwam
DOI:10.1021/jm00397a008
日期:1988.2
amines. These were prepared either by a one-step reaction involving nucleophilic attack on p-nitrophenyl alpha-(acyloxy)alkyl carbonates with displacement of p-nitrophenol or by reaction of alpha-haloalkyl carbamates with silver or mercury salts of carboxylic acids. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the ester bond in these ester carbamates leads to a cascade reaction resulting in rapid regeneration of the parent
R1R2N-CO-O-CHR3-OCO-R4类型的(酰氧基)烷基氨基甲酸酯被描述为伯胺和仲胺的新型生物可逆性前药。它们可以通过涉及对硝基苯基α-(酰氧基)烷基碳酸酯的亲核攻击并取代对硝基苯酚的一步反应制备,也可以通过α-卤代烷基氨基甲酸酯与羧酸的银或汞盐反应来制备。这些酯氨基甲酸酯中酯键的酶促水解导致级联反应,从而导致母体胺快速再生。阿替洛尔,倍他洛尔,潘多洛尔,普萘洛尔等非离子衍生物的渗透性测量 噻吗洛尔和噻吗洛尔通过模糊的大鼠皮肤和安装在扩散细胞上的兔角膜显示,亲水性β受体阻滞剂的衍生化导致通过这些生物膜的渗透率增加了几倍。然而,亲脂性β-受体阻滞剂的前药修饰导致通透性特性的优势很小。