Preparation of enantiopure butane-2,3-diacetals of glycolic acid and alkylation reactions leading to α-hydroxyacid and amide derivatives
作者:Steven V. Ley、Elena Diez、Darren J. Dixon、Richard T. Guy、Patrick Michel、Gillian L. Nattrass、Tom D. Sheppard
DOI:10.1039/b412788a
日期:——
The preparation of butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acid and related systems is described together with highly selective alkylationreactions of (R,R) and (S,S) butanediacetal protected glycolic acid. These compounds are readily deprotected to give enantiopure alpha-hydroxyacids, alpha-hydroxyesters or alpha-hydroxyamides by suitable choice of conditions.
Reactive diene for synthesis of substituted catechols
作者:Benjamin J. Compton、David S. Larsen、Lesley Larsen、Rex T. Weavers
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.11.085
日期:2008.1
(2R,3R)-2,3-Dimethoxy-2,3-dimethyl-5,6-dimethylene-1,4-dioxane has been synthesized and is a highly efficient diene in Diels–Alder reactions. Reaction with acetylenic dienophiles provides a simple route to substituted catechols. Reactions with some ethylenic dienophiles are also reported.
The invention relates to chemical compounds and complexes that can be used in therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
本发明涉及可用于治疗和诊断的化合物和复合物。
Asymmetric Diels−Alder Reactions of Unsaturated β-Ketoesters Catalyzed by Chiral Ruthenium PNNP Complexes
作者:Christoph Schotes、Antonio Mezzetti
DOI:10.1021/ja910039e
日期:2010.3.24
Cyclic alpha-unsaturated beta-ketoesters undergo cycloaddition with di- and trisubstituted butadienes to give tetrahydro-1-indanone derivatives with up to 93% ee in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst formed by activation of [RuCl(2)(PNNP)] with (Et(3)P)PF(6) (2 equiv) (PNNP = (1S,2S)-N,N'-bis[o-(diphenylphosphino)benzylidene]cyclohexane-1,2-diamine). The protocol has been used to prepare the estrone derivative (8R, 13S, 14S)-13-tert-butoxycarbonyl-3-methoxy-7,8,1 2,13,15,16-hexahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17(14H)-one as a single diastereoisomer with 85% yield and 99% ee after one crystallization step. Its absolute configuration, which has been determined by X-ray diffraction after reduction to the alcohol and esterification with camphanic chloride, is in agreement with the attack of the diene onto the open enantioface of the beta-keto ester (O-O) in the ruthenium complex [Ru(O-O)(PNNP)](2+), whose X-ray structure has been determined.
Asymmetric Diels–Alder and Ficini Reactions with Alkylidene β-Ketoesters Catalyzed by Chiral Ruthenium PNNP Complexes: Mechanistic Insight
Hydride abstraction from the beta-position of the enolato ligand of the previously reported complex [Ru(3a-H)(PNNP)]PF6 (5a; 3a-H is the enolate of 2-tert-butoxy-carbonylcyclopentanone) with (Ph3C)PF6 gives the dicationic complex [Ru(6a)(PNNP)(2+) (7a) as a single diastereoisomer, which contains the unsaturated beta-ketoester 2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one (6a) as a chelating ligand. The methyl analogue 2-methoxycarbonylcyclopentanone (3b) gives [Ru(3b-H)(PNNP)]PF6 as a mixture of noninterconverting diastereoisomers (ester group of 3b trans to P, 5b; or to N, 5c), which were separated by column chromatography. Hydride abstraction from 5b (or 5c) yields diastereomerically pure [Ru(6b)(PNNP)](2+) (7b or 7c). Complexes 7b and 7c do not interconvert at room temperature in CD2CI2 and form opposite enantiomers of the Diets Alder adduct upon reaction with Dane's diene (1 equiv). X-ray studies of 7a, 5b, and 5c give insight into the origin of enantioselection and the sense of asymmetric induction in the previously reported asymmetric Diels-Alder and Ficini cycloaddition reactions with 2,3-disubstituted butadienes and ynamides, respectively. Stoichiometric reactions (substrate coordination, cycloaddition, and product displacement) between [Ru-(OEt2)(2)(PNNP)](2+) (2), 6b (or 6a), and Dane's diene (15, to give estrone derivatives) or N-benzyl-N-(cyclohexylethynyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (17, to give cyclobutenamides) suggest that product displacement from the catalyst is turnover limiting.