Design, synthesis, and evaluation of liver-specific gemcitabine prodrugs for potential treatment of hepatitis C virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma
作者:Anthony A. Stephenson、Sheng Cao、David J. Taggart、Vinod P. Vyavahare、Zucai Suo
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113135
日期:2021.3
gemcitabine toward liver- and kidney-derived cancer cell lines but were 24- to 620-fold less cytotoxic than gemcitabine in breast- and pancreas-derived cancer cells, respectively. The prodrugs also inhibited an HCV replicon with IC50 values ranging from 10 nM–1.7 μM. Moreover, many of the prodrugs had therapeutic index values of >10,000 and have synergetic effects when combined with other Food and Drug
许多成功的抗病毒和抗癌药物都是核苷类似物,会破坏RNA和/或DNA的合成。在这里,我们介绍了化疗药物吉西他滨(2',2'-二氟脱氧胞苷)的肝特异性前药,用于治疗丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染和肝细胞癌。通过经由酰胺键将芳香族官能团引入吉西他滨的胞嘧啶4-NH 2基团来合成前药。化学修饰的目的是:i)能够在细胞膜上进行被动扩散,ii)保护前药免于被细胞酶失活,并且iii)在酰胺水解后通过肝脏中高水平的羧酸酯酶释放活性吉西他滨。我们发现,我们的许多前药对吉非他滨对肝和肾来源的癌细胞系均显示出与吉西他滨相似的毒性,但对吉非他滨在乳腺癌和胰腺来源的癌细胞中的细胞毒性分别比吉西他滨低24至620倍。前药还抑制了HCV复制子,IC 50值为10 nM–1.7μM。此外,许多前药与其他食品和药物管理局批准的抗HCV小分子药物联合使用时,其治疗指数值均大于10,000,并具有协同作用。这些特征支持吉西他滨前药作为肝特异性治疗剂的开发。