tetramethyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester | 17072-58-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: tetramethyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester
• 英文别名: dimethyl tetramethylsuccinate；Tetramethyl-bernsteinsaeure-dimethylester；Dimethyl-tetramethyl-succinat；dimethyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutanedioate
• CAS: 17072-58-1
• 化学式: C₁₀H₁₈O₄
• 分子量: 202.251
• InChiKey: JMAVQGUNDSXRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  30-31 °C
• 沸点：
  95-98 °C(Press: 10 Torr)
• 密度：
  1.007±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.7
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.8
• 拓扑面积：
  52.6
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  tetramethyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester 在 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 以 甲醇 为溶剂， 生成 2,2,3,3-四甲基丁二酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Reactions of ester-free radicals. The 2-carbomethoxy-2-propyl radical

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo01273a037
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  异丁酸甲酯 在 四氯化钛 、 lithium diisopropyl amide 作用下， 生成 tetramethyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Oxidative Dimerization of Lithium-Enolates of Esters Promoted by TitaniumTetrachloride

  摘要：

  四氯化钛能有效促进锂酯烯醇盐的氧化二聚反应，这一新方法具有高效性。机理研究表明，反应通过类自由基机制进行，但并非自由基过程。

  DOI：

  10.1246/cl.1992.1591

文献信息

• The Relationship Between Menarche and Depression in Adolescence
  作者：Leslie Born、Meir Steiner

  DOI：10.1017/s1092852900007896

  日期：2001.2

  Prior to adolescence, the rates of depression are similar in girls and boys, or are slightly higher in boys. However, with the onset of puberty, the gender proportion of depression dramatically shifts to a 2:1 female to male ratio. What is the relationship between menarche and the onset of major depression in early adolescence? A recent theoretical model proposes that vulnerability to depression may be rooted in normal female hormonal maturational processes and gender socialization. Information regarding the management of depression in adolescent and young adult women is provided, including gender differences in the presentation of depressive symptoms, instruments to facilitate assessment, and treatment options. Pubertal and other hormonal changes should be monitored prospectively along with individual, genetic, constitutional, and psychological characteristics. The burden of illness associated with onset of depression following menarche reinforces the importance of expeditious recognition and intervention.

  摘要 在青春期之前，女孩和男孩的抑郁症发病率相似，或者男孩略高。然而，随着青春期的到来，抑郁症的性别比例急剧转变为男女比例为 2:1。初潮与青春期早期重度抑郁症的发病之间有什么关系？最近的一个理论模型提出，易患抑郁症可能源于正常的女性荷尔蒙成熟过程和性别社会化。本文提供了有关青春期和年轻成年女性抑郁症治疗的信息，包括抑郁症状表现形式的性别差异、评估工具和治疗方案。应前瞻性地监测青春期和其他荷尔蒙变化，以及个人、遗传、体质和心理特征。月经初潮后出现的抑郁症所带来的疾病负担，更加凸显了迅速识别和干预的重要性。
• Coupling reactions of vinylketene silyl acetals promoted by titanium tetrachloride
  作者：Kenji Hirai、Iwao Ojima

  DOI：10.1016/s0040-4039(00)81527-0

  日期：1983.1

  Homo- and cross-couplings of vinylketene silyl acetals were found to be effectively promoted by titanium tetrachloride to give the corresponding unsaturated diesters in good yields. The reactions between two different ketene silyl acetate afforded the corresponding cross-coupling products in unexpectedly good selectivities.

  发现四氯化钛可有效地促进乙烯酮甲硅烷基乙缩醛的均相和交叉偶联，从而以良好的收率得到相应的不饱和二酯。两种不同的乙烯酮乙酸乙烯酯之间的反应以出乎意料的良好选择性提供了相应的交叉偶联产物。
• The Effect of Viscosity on the Diffusion and Termination Reaction of Organic Radical Pairs
  作者：Xiaopei Li、Tasuku Ogihara、Manabu Abe、Yasuyuki Nakamura、Shigeru Yamago

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201902074

  日期：2019.7.25

  reorganization of solvents around the radicals, the termination outside the cage, which requires larger change than that inside the cage, is highly viscosity dependent. Furthermore, while the bulk viscosity of each solvent shows good correlation with Fdif and Disp/Comb selectivity, microviscosity is the better parameter predicting Fdif and Disp(dif)/Comb(dif) selectivity regardless of the solvents.

  粘度对溶剂笼中有机自由基对扩散效率（F dif）的影响和终止机理，即，笼状自由基对和扩散的歧化反应的歧化度（Disp）和组合（Comb）的选择性在不存在和存在PhSD的情况下，通过对2,2'-偶氮双（2-甲基丙酸酯）二甲基（V-601）进行光解，对遇到的自由基进行定量研究。笼外的F dif和Disp / Comb选择性[ Disp （dif） / Comb （dif） ]对粘度高度敏感。相反，Disp/笼子内的梳子选择性[ Disp （cage） / Comb （cage） ]不太敏感。Disp （笼） / Comb （笼）和Disp （dif） / Comb （dif）之间的粘度依赖性差异通过笼内外的自由基对的自旋状态和自由基对在碰撞时依赖于旋转状态的构型变化来解释。考虑到自由基的构型变化与溶剂在自由基周围的置换和重组有关，笼罩外部的端接比笼罩内部的端接需要更大的变化，端接在很大程度上依
• [EN] REGULATORS FOR CONTROLLING LINEAR AND PSEUDO-RING EXPANSION POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL MONOMERS<br/>[FR] RÉGULATEURS POUR RÉGULER LA POLYMÉRISATION LINÉAIRE ET PAR EXPANSION DE PSEUDO-CYCLES DE MONOMÈRES VINYLIQUES
  申请人：DISPOLTEC B V

  公开号：WO2017076992A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-05-11

  The invention concerns new regulator compounds for a novel polymerization process for vinyl monomers, which yields polymers with improved control over composition and nearly full to full conservation of architectural integrity up to high conversion. The regulator compounds are defined by according to anyone of the Formulas (1A), (1B), (1C), (1D), (1E), (1F), (1G), (1H) and (1I), wherein R1 stands for an optionally substituted secondary or tertiary alkyl or secondary or tertiary aralkyl; Z1 stands for -CN or a carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR21; Z2 may be chosen from the group of -CN, carboxylic acid, salts of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid ester, carboxylic acid amides, (hetero)aryl, alkenyl and halogen; R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently chosen from the group of H, alkyl, aralkyl, (hetero)aryl, -CN and carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR22; R7 stands for a primary alkyl or primary aralkyl, -CN or hydrogen; Y stands for a bridging group and n is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; in case R1 stands for tertiary alkyl or tertiary aralkyl, R6 stands for a primary alkyl or primary aralkyl, -CN or a carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR26; in case R1 stands for a secondary alkyl or secondary aralkyl, R6 stands for a primary or secondary alkyl or primary or secondary aralkyl, -CN, a carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR26 or a phosphonic acid ester of formula P(O)(OR27)2, a (hetero)aryl or an alkenyl; R21, R22, R26 and R27 each independently stand for alkyl or aralkyi having from 1-30 carbon atoms, optionally containing heteroatoms.

  该发明涉及一种用于乙烯单体的新型聚合过程的调节剂化合物，该过程产生具有改善的组成控制和在高转化率下几乎完全至完全保持结构完整性的聚合物。调节剂化合物根据以下任一式(1A)、(1B)、(1C)、(1D)、(1E)、(1F)、(1G)、(1H)和(1I)中的任一式定义，其中R1代表可选择地取代的二级或三级烷基或二级或三级芳基烷基；Z1代表-CN或具有C(O)OR21式的羧酸酯；Z2可从-CN、羧酸、羧酸盐、羧酸酯、羧酸酰胺、(杂)芳基、烯基和卤素的群中选择；R2、R3、R4和R5分别独立地选择自H、烷基、芳基烷基、(杂)芳基、-CN和具有C(O)OR22式的羧酸酯的群；R7代表初级烷基或初级芳基、-CN或氢；Y代表桥接基，n为2、3、4、5或6；如果R1代表三级烷基或三级芳基，则R6代表初级烷基或初级芳基、-CN或具有C(O)OR26式的羧酸酯；如果R1代表二级烷基或二级芳基，则R6代表初级或二级烷基或初级或二级芳基、-CN、具有C(O)OR26式的羧酸酯或具有P(O)(OR27)2式的膦酸酯、(杂)芳基或烯基；R21、R22、R26和R27各自独立地代表具有1-30个碳原子的烷基或芳基，可选择地含有杂原子。
• Photoaddition Reactions of 1,2-Diketones with Silyl Ketene Acetals. Formation of β-Hydroxy-γ-ketoesters
  作者：Dae Won Cho、Hyang-Yeol Lee、Sun Wha Oh、Jung Hei Choi、Hea Jung Park、Patrick S. Mariano、Ung Chan Yoon

  DOI：10.1021/jo800473x

  日期：2008.6.1

  Photochemical reactions taking place between 1,2-diketones and silyl ketene acetals and their excited state reaction mechanisms have been explored. Irradiation of benzene, acetone, or acetonitrile solutions containing 1,2-diketones and silyl ketene acetals is observed to promote formation of 1,4-dioxenes, resulting from [4 + 2]-cycloaddition, oxetanes, arising by Paterno−Buchi processes, and β-hydroxy-γ-ketoesters

  研究了1,2-二酮与甲硅烷基烯酮缩醛之间的光化学反应及其激发态反应机理。观察到辐照含有1,2-二酮和甲硅烷基乙烯酮缩醛的苯，丙酮或乙腈溶液可促进1,4-二恶烯的形成，这是由[4 + 2]-环加成，氧杂环丁烷引起的，是由Paterno-Buchi过程产生的，和SET促进的Claisen型缩合反应生成的β-羟基-γ-酮酸酯。从1,2-二酮的激发态到这些产物的这些竞争途径受溶剂极性以及甲硅烷基烯酮缩醛和1,2-二酮性质的影响。克莱森（Claisen）型缩合过程遵循SET的去甲硅烷基化途径，并且在极性溶剂乙腈中进行光反应时占主导地位，