Cruciform 9,10-distyryl-2,6-bis(p-dialkylamino-styryl)anthracene homologues exhibiting alkyl length-tunable piezochromic luminescence and heat-recovery temperature of ground states
作者:M. Zheng、D. T. Zhang、M. X. Sun、Y. P. Li、T. L. Liu、S. F. Xue、W. J. Yang
DOI:10.1039/c3tc32035a
日期:——
A series of 2,6-bis(p-dialkylaminostyryl)-9,10-distyrylanthracene (FCn) cruciforms with N-alkyl chains of different lengths have been synthesized, and their aggregation-enhanced fluorescence and piezochromic luminescence (PFC) behaviours are investigated. These 9,10-distyrylanthracene-containing cruciforms exhibit relatively low fluorescence quantum yields (Φ) in THF solution (Φ ≈ 10%) and moderate aggregation-enhanced emission in aqueous media (Φ ≈ 25%), but strong and chain length-dependent solid-state fluorescence emission. Grinding and pressing experiments indicate that they are all effective PFC materials in terms of mechanical stress-induced spectral shifts (ΔλPFC = 23–54 nm), moreover, the longer alkyl-containing FCn shows a larger ΔλPFC. Powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry measurements reveal that the transformation between the crystalline and amorphous states upon external stimuli is responsible for the reversible PFC behaviour. It is found that increasing the N-alkyl length could effectively decrease the cold-crystallization temperature of the ground states to render the PFC states with a tunable heat-recovering temperature, and ground FC10 and FC12 solids can recover spontaneously to their original states at room temperature.
合成了一系列具有不同长度N-烷基链的2,6-bis(p-二烷基氨基苯乙烯)-9,10-二苯乙烯蒽(FCn)十字形化合物,并研究了它们的聚集增强荧光和压电变色发光(PFC)特性。这些含有9,10-二苯乙烯蒽的十字形化合物在THF溶液中的荧光量子收益(Φ)相对较低(Φ ≈ 10%),但在水相介质中表现出适度的聚集增强发光(Φ ≈ 25%),但在固态中呈现出强烈且依赖链长的荧光发射。研磨和压制实验表明,这些材料在机械应力诱导下的光谱位移(ΔλPFC = 23–54 nm)都表现出有效的PFC特性,此外,较长的烷基链FCn显示出更大的ΔλPFC。粉末X射线衍射和差示扫描量热法测量表明,外部刺激下晶态和非晶态之间的转变是可逆PFC行为的原因。研究发现,增加N-烷基链的长度可以有效降低基态的冷结晶温度,从而使PFC状态的热恢复温度可调,且基态FC10和FC12固体可以在室温下自发恢复到其原始状态。