An aspect of the present disclosure is a method that includes a first reacting a molecule from at least one of a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, and/or an anhydride with ammonia to form a nitrile, where the first reacting is catalyzed using an acid catalyst. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the molecule may include at least one of acetic acid, lactic acid, and/or 3-hydroxyproprionic acid (3-HPA). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the molecule may include at least one of methyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and/or ethyl 3-hydroxypropanoate (ethyl 3-HP). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the anhydride may be acetic anhydride.
本公开的一个方面是一种方法,其中首先将来自至少一种
羧酸、
羧酸酯和/或酸酐的分子与
氨发生反应,形成腈,其中第一反应是在酸催化剂的作用下催化的。在本公开的一些实施例中,该分子可能包括
乙酸、
乳酸和/或
3-羟基丙酸(3-HPA)中的至少一种。在本公开的一些实施例中,该分子可能包括
醋酸甲酯、
乙酸乙酯和/或
3-羟基丙酸乙酯(乙基3-HP)中的至少一种。在本公开的一些实施例中,酸酐可能是
醋酸酐。