SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now been found that certain analogs of anandamide are potent inhibitors of transport of anandamide across cell membranes. The transport inhibitor does not activate the cannabinoid receptors or inhibit anandamide hydrolysis per se but instead prevents anandamide reuptake thereby prolonging the level of the undegraded anandamide. Previously, cannabinoid drugs were targeted toward cannabiniod receptors and amidase enzymes. The anandamide transport inhibitor of the present invention targets activity of the anandamide transporter.
The inhibitors are amide and ester analogs of anandamide and exhibit the tail, central and head pharmacophore portions represented by Structural Formula I
X—Y—Z (I)
wherein tail portion X is a fatty acid chain remnant, central portion Y is an amide or ester radical and head portion Z is selected form the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy alkyl, aryl, hydroxy aryl, heterocyclic and hydroxy heterocyclic radicals.
The novel inhibitors of the present invention, when tested in vitro, inhibit accmulation of anandamide in rat cortical neurons and astrocytes and enhance various effects of anandamide administration both in vitro and in vivo. The vasodepressor responses are significantly potentiated and prolonged by the transport inhibitors. Thus, the inhibitors are believed to be effective drugs for the treatment of cardivascular diseases and blood pressure disorders.
发明概述
现已发现,某些
安乃近类似物是
安乃近跨细胞膜转运的强效
抑制剂。这种转运
抑制剂本身并不激活
大麻素受体或抑制
安乃近酰胺的
水解,而是阻止
安乃近酰胺的再摄取,从而延长未降解
安乃近酰胺的含量。以前,
大麻素药物主要针对
大麻素受体和酰胺酶。本发明的
安乃近转运
抑制剂针对的是
安乃近转运体的活性。
本发明的苯甲酰胺转运
抑制剂是苯甲酰胺的酰胺类和
酯类类似物,具有结构式 I 所表示的尾部、中部和头部药理部分。
X-Y-Z (I)
其中,尾部 X 是
脂肪酸残链,中心部 Y 是酰胺基或酯基,头部 Z 选自氢、烷基、羟基烷基、芳基、羟基芳基、杂环基和羟基杂环基组成的组。
本发明的新型
抑制剂在体外测试时,可抑制大鼠大脑皮层神经元和星形胶质细胞中的安那酰胺增殖,并增强体外和体内施用安那酰胺的各种效应。转运
抑制剂可明显增强和延长血管舒张反应。因此,这些
抑制剂被认为是治疗心血管疾病和血压紊乱的有效药物。