Synthesis of carbohelicenes and derivatives by “carbenoid couplings”
摘要:
Short synthetic sequences to carbohelicenes have been achieved under thermal conditions, without using photochemistry and high dilution. Couplings of aromatic bis(bromomethyl) moieties, in the presence of an excess of LiHMDS, are key reactions in the final ring closures to carbohelicenes. These optimized, quick and efficient reactions occur at 0 degrees C within 10 min, and often provide [5]-helicene, [5] helicene derivatives and [7]-helicene in similar to 75% yield. Preliminary data questioned the formation of carbenoid anions and carbenes in the so called "carbenoid couplings". (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
A New Optically Active Monodentate Phosphine Ligand, (<i>R</i>)-(+)-3-Diphenylphosphino-3′-methoxy-4,4′-biphenanthryl (MOP-phen): Preparation and Use for Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reduction of Allylic Esters with Formic Acid
(R)-(+)-3-Diphenylphosphino-3′-methoxy-4,4′-biphenanthryl (MOP-phen, 8) was prepared starting with (-)-3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-biphenanthryl. The absolute configuration of (+)-8 was determined to be R by X-ray crystal structure analysis of its Ï-allylpalladium complex. The monodentate optically active phosphine 8 was found to be a more enantioselective ligand than (R)-(+)-2-diphenylphosphino-2′-methoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl (MOP, 1a) for palladium-catalyzed asymmetric reduction of allylic esters with formic acid giving optically active olefins of up to 85% ee.
A one-pot transformation of biaryl dicarboxylic acids to (NH)-phenanthridinone derivatives based on a Curtiusrearrangement and subsequent basic hydrolysis was developed. This method is also applicable for the preparation of optically active amide-functionalized [7]helicene-like molecules. Furthermore, aza[5]helicene derivatives with a phosphate moiety were isolated as a product of the Curtius rearrangement
开发了基于 Curtius 重排和随后的碱性水解的联芳基二羧酸向 ( NH )-菲啶酮衍生物的一锅法转化。该方法也适用于光学活性酰胺官能化[7]类螺烯分子的制备。此外,在带有硫属元素原子的底物的情况下,具有磷酸盐部分的氮杂[5]螺烯衍生物被分离为 Curtius 重排步骤的产物。通过 X 射线衍射分析揭示了这些产品的立体结构,表明硫属元素键合和磷元素键合相互作用可能有助于它们的稳定性。进一步研究了类螺烯分子的构型稳定性及其手性。
Benzylic-type couplings provide an important asymmetric entry to functionalized, non-racemic helicenes
Benzylic-type couplings are key reactions to make non-racemic helicenes.
苯基型偶联反应是制备非消旋螺旋烯的关键反应。
Enantioselective Synthesis of [7]Helicene: Dramatic Effects of Olefin Additives and Aromatic Solvents in Asymmetric Olefin Metathesis
作者:Alain Grandbois、Shawn K. Collins
DOI:10.1002/chem.200801033
日期:2008.10.20
The asymmetric synthesis of [7]helicene was accomplished in good ee (80%) by kinetic resolution by means of asymmetric olefinmetathesis. Three key factors contributed to the success of the kinetic resolution: the use of new Ru-based olefinmetathesis catalysts bearing C1-symmetric N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, simple olefins as additives to control the nature of the propagating alkylidene and hexafluorobenzene
One‐way street: A new family of λ5‐phospha[7]helicenes which form one‐dimensional columnar stacks in the solid state were synthesized (see scheme). Neighboring stacks have opposite dipole directions and, in the case of the racemic phosphole sulfide based helicene, columns with a given dipole direction consist of one enantiomer, whereas columns with the opposite dipole direction consist of the other