L-Glucuron

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 呋喃类
• 英文名称: L-Glucuron
• 英文别名: L-glucurono-3,6-lactone；(3S,3aS,6R,6aS)-2,3,6-trihydroxy-3,3a,6,6a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-b]furan-5-one
• 化学式: C₆H₈O₆
• 分子量: 176.126
• InChiKey: OGLCQHRZUSEXNB-HXFRBUASSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -2.1
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.83
• 拓扑面积：
  96.2
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  6

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  L-Glucuron 在 吡啶 、 sodium azide 、 硫酸 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 6.5h， 生成 5-azido-5-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-D-idurono-3,6-lactone
  参考文献：
  名称：

  从葡萄糖醛酸内酯可扩展地合成 DNJNAc 和 DGJNAc 两种对映体：N-烷基化对氨基己糖苷酶抑制的影响

  摘要：

  2-乙酰氨基-1,2-双脱氧-D-半乳糖-野尻霉素（DGJNAc）和2-乙酰氨基-1,2-双脱氧-D-葡萄糖-野尻霉素（DNJNAc ）的高效可扩展合成，以及据报道，它们的对映异构体来自L-葡糖醛酸内酯。DNJNAc 和 DGJNAc 的两种对映异构体及其N-烷基衍生物作为糖苷酶抑制剂的评估表明，DGJNAc 及其N-烷基衍生物都是 α-GalNAcase 的抑制剂，但没有一种差向异构 DNJNAc 衍生物抑制这种酶。相比之下，DGJNAc 和 DNJNAc 以及它们的烷基衍生物都是 β-GlcNAcases 和 β-GalNAcases 的有效抑制剂。两种L-对映异构体均未显示出对所测试的任何酶的任何显着抑制。通过对溶酶体酶抑制的游离寡糖分析，体外抑制与细胞数据的相关性揭示了以下结构-性质关系：疏水侧链优先促进亚氨基糖在细胞内接近那些具有更多亲水性的抑制剂- 链特征。

  DOI：

  10.1002/chem.201200110
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  D-glycero-D-galacto-heptono-1,4-lactone 在 盐酸 、 苯甲醛 、 sodium periodate 、 三氟乙酸 作用下， 以 水 、 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 4.0h， 以88%的产率得到L-Glucuron
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Design and synthesis by click triazole formation of paclitaxel mimics with simplified core and side-chain structures

  摘要：

  A library of paclitaxel (taxol) mimics was obtained by a straightforward strategy involving rational design and an efficient synthesis of a simplified taxane core substitute, together with a click-chemistry combinatorial search for phenylisoserine side-chain surrogates. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.081

文献信息

• Radical-Based Asymmetric Synthesis:  An Iterative Approach to 1, 3, 5, ... (2<i>n</i> + 1) Polyols
  作者：Philip Garner、James T. Anderson

  DOI：10.1021/ol990188v

  日期：1999.10.1

  [formula: see text] A conceptually novel approach to 1, 3, 5, ... (2n + 1) polyols based on iterative stereo-controlled homologation of chiral hydroxyalkyl radicals is reported. Starting from alpha-keto ester precursors, the general sequence of (1) ketone reduction, (2) auxiliary attachment, (3) saponification, (4) Barton esterification, and (5) radical addition provided the two-carbon homologue in

  据报道，基于手性羟烷基基团的迭代立体控制同系物，对1、3、5，...（2n + 1）多元醇进行了概念上新颖的报道。从α-酮酸酯前体开始，一般的顺序是（1）酮还原，（2）辅助连接，（3）皂化，（4）Barton酯化和（5）自由基加成提供了70-总产率为80％。1，3，5，...（2n +1）多元醇合成的这种迭代策略的简单性和通用性为制备包含这种结构基序的分子提供了一种有吸引力的选择。
• Looking glass inhibitors: scalable syntheses of DNJ, DMDP, and (3R)-3-hydroxy-l-bulgecinine from d-glucuronolactone and of l-DNJ, l-DMDP, and (3S)-3-hydroxy-d-bulgecinine from l-glucuronolactone. DMDP inhibits β-glucosidases and β-galactosidases whereas l-DMDP is a potent and specific inhibitor of α-glucosidases
  作者：Daniel Best、Chen Wang、Alexander C. Weymouth-Wilson、Robert A. Clarkson、Francis X. Wilson、Robert J. Nash、Saori Miyauchi、Atsushi Kato、George W.J. Fleet

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.01.017

  日期：2010.3

  A convenient large-scale synthesis of 1-deoxynojirimyin (DNJ) from D-glucuronolactone involves introduction of azide at C-5 with retention of configuration to give 5-azido-5-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranose as a key intermediate in an overall yield of up to 72%; the same intermediate can be transformed into DMDP (2R,3R,4R,5R)-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol] and (3R)-3-hydroxy-L-bulgecinine [(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-L-proline]. L-Glucuronolactone, a readily available L-sugar chiron, may similarly be used to access the enantiomers L-DNJ, L-DMDP, and (3S)-3-hydroxy-D-bulgecinine. A comparison of glycosidase inhibition by DMDP (an inhibitor of beta-glucosidases and beta-galactosidases) and L-DMDP (a potent and specific alpha-glucosidase inhibitor) with the corresponding enantiomeric hydroxybulgecinines is reported; DMDP and (3R)-3-hydroxy-L-bulgecinine show weak inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Large scale synthesis of the acetonides of l-glucuronolactone and of l-glucose: easy access to l-sugar chirons
  作者：Alexander C. Weymouth-Wilson、Robert A. Clarkson、Nigel A. Jones、Daniel Best、Francis X. Wilson、Maria-Soledad Pino-González、George W.J. Fleet

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.08.124

  日期：2009.11

  1,2-O-Isopropylidene-alpha-L-glucurono-3,6-lactone may be synthesized on a 100-200 g scale from cheaply available D-glucoheptonolactone in an overall yield of 94% in four steps Via L-glucuronolactone. Subsequent elaboration to L-glucose, diacetone-L-glucose (1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-L-glucofuranose), and monoacetone-L-glucose (1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-L-glucofuranose) allows easy access to a range of L-sugar chirons. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Design and synthesis by click triazole formation of paclitaxel mimics with simplified core and side-chain structures
  作者：Claire Le Manach、Aurélie Baron、Régis Guillot、Boris Vauzeilles、Jean-Marie Beau

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.081

  日期：2011.3

  A library of paclitaxel (taxol) mimics was obtained by a straightforward strategy involving rational design and an efficient synthesis of a simplified taxane core substitute, together with a click-chemistry combinatorial search for phenylisoserine side-chain surrogates. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Scalable Syntheses of Both Enantiomers of DNJNAc and DGJNAc from Glucuronolactone: The Effect of N-Alkylation on Hexosaminidase Inhibition
  作者：Andreas F. G. Glawar、Daniel Best、Benjamin J. Ayers、Saori Miyauchi、Shinpei Nakagawa、Matilde Aguilar-Moncayo、José M. García Fernández、Carmen Ortiz Mellet、Elizabeth V. Crabtree、Terry D. Butters、Francis X. Wilson、Atsushi Kato、George W. J. Fleet

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201200110

  日期：2012.7.23

  The efficient scalable syntheses of 2‐acetamido‐1,2‐dideoxy‐D‐galacto‐nojirimycin (DGJNAc) and 2‐acetamido‐1,2‐dideoxy‐D‐gluco‐nojirimycin (DNJNAc) from D‐glucuronolactone, as well as of their enantiomers from L‐glucuronolactone, are reported. The evaluation of both enantiomers of DNJNAc and DGJNAc, along with their N‐alkyl derivatives, as glycosidase inhibitors showed that DGJNAc and its N‐alkyl derivatives

  2-乙酰氨基-1,2-双脱氧-D-半乳糖-野尻霉素（DGJNAc）和2-乙酰氨基-1,2-双脱氧-D-葡萄糖-野尻霉素（DNJNAc ）的高效可扩展合成，以及据报道，它们的对映异构体来自L-葡糖醛酸内酯。DNJNAc 和 DGJNAc 的两种对映异构体及其N-烷基衍生物作为糖苷酶抑制剂的评估表明，DGJNAc 及其N-烷基衍生物都是 α-GalNAcase 的抑制剂，但没有一种差向异构 DNJNAc 衍生物抑制这种酶。相比之下，DGJNAc 和 DNJNAc 以及它们的烷基衍生物都是 β-GlcNAcases 和 β-GalNAcases 的有效抑制剂。两种L-对映异构体均未显示出对所测试的任何酶的任何显着抑制。通过对溶酶体酶抑制的游离寡糖分析，体外抑制与细胞数据的相关性揭示了以下结构-性质关系：疏水侧链优先促进亚氨基糖在细胞内接近那些具有更多亲水性的抑制剂- 链特征。