Nonionic Superbase-Promoted Synthesis of Oxazoles and Pyrroles: Facile Synthesis of Porphyrins and .alpha.-C-Acyl Amino Acid Esters
摘要:
The reaction of acyl chlorides or acid anhydrides with isocyanoacetates in the presence of the superior strong nonionic base P(MeNCH(2)CH(2))(3)N (1) gave oxazoles in 98-99% yield. Treatment of the oxazoles with HCl-MeOH gave alpha-C-acyl amino acid esters in 81-82% yield. The reaction of beta-acetoxy-alpha-nitroalkanes or nitroalkenes with isocyanoacetates in the presence of 1 gave pyrroles in 100% yield. The conjugate acid of 1 can be treated with KO-t-Bu to regenerate 1. Treatment of the pyrroles with LiAlH4, followed by PTSA-CH2(OMe)(2) and oxidation gave porphyrins in 65-69% yield. LiCl, which functions both as a strong nucleophile in the S(N)2 demethylation of the 5,5'-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-3,3',4,4'-tetramethyldipyrromethane 22a and as a Lewis acid in the electrophilic substitution cyclization of paraformaldehyde at dipyrromethane, facilitates the combination of four reactions into a one-pot synthesis of octaethylporphyrin in 67% yield from 22a.
Nonionic Superbase-Promoted Synthesis of Oxazoles and Pyrroles: Facile Synthesis of Porphyrins and .alpha.-C-Acyl Amino Acid Esters
作者:Jiansheng Tang、John G. Verkade
DOI:10.1021/jo00104a041
日期:1994.12
The reaction of acyl chlorides or acid anhydrides with isocyanoacetates in the presence of the superior strong nonionic base P(MeNCH(2)CH(2))(3)N (1) gave oxazoles in 98-99% yield. Treatment of the oxazoles with HCl-MeOH gave alpha-C-acyl amino acid esters in 81-82% yield. The reaction of beta-acetoxy-alpha-nitroalkanes or nitroalkenes with isocyanoacetates in the presence of 1 gave pyrroles in 100% yield. The conjugate acid of 1 can be treated with KO-t-Bu to regenerate 1. Treatment of the pyrroles with LiAlH4, followed by PTSA-CH2(OMe)(2) and oxidation gave porphyrins in 65-69% yield. LiCl, which functions both as a strong nucleophile in the S(N)2 demethylation of the 5,5'-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-3,3',4,4'-tetramethyldipyrromethane 22a and as a Lewis acid in the electrophilic substitution cyclization of paraformaldehyde at dipyrromethane, facilitates the combination of four reactions into a one-pot synthesis of octaethylporphyrin in 67% yield from 22a.
A Convenient Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Pyrroles and Porphyrins
作者:Noboru Ono、Hisayuki Kawamura、Kazuhiro Maruyama
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.62.3386
日期:1989.10
4-Alkyl-3-trifluoromethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylic acid esters (2) were conveniently prepared by the reaction of trifluoromethylated β-nitro acetates (1) with ethyl isocyanoacetate. The pyrroles were converted into the corresponding porphyrins via tetramerization of 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrroles.