A Versatile Approach to Ullmann C–N Couplings at Room Temperature: New Families of Nucleophiles and Electrophiles for Photoinduced, Copper-Catalyzed Processes
作者:Daniel T. Ziegler、Junwon Choi、José María Muñoz-Molina、Alex C. Bissember、Jonas C. Peters、Gregory C. Fu
DOI:10.1021/ja4060806
日期:2013.9.4
The use of light to facilitate copper-catalyzed cross-couplings of nitrogen nucleophiles can enable C-N bond formation to occur under unusually mild conditions. In this study, we substantially expand the scope of such processes, establishing that this approach is not limited to reactions of carbazoles with iodobenzene and alkyl halides. Specifically, we demonstrate for the first time that other nitrogen
CN Coupling of Indoles and Carbazoles with Aromatic Chlorides Catalyzed by a Single-Component NHC-Nickel(0) Precursor
作者:Silvia G. Rull、Juan F. Blandez、Manuel R. Fructos、Tomás R. Belderrain、M. Carmen Nicasio
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201500030
日期:2015.3.23
A new and efficient nickel‐based protocol for the N‐arylation of indoles and carbazoles with aromaticchlorides, the least expensive of the aryl halides, is described. The procedure provides selectively N‐(hetero)arylation products in good to high yields, in short reaction times and without adding an excess of ligands.
An efficient synthesis of N-substituted indoles from indoline/indoline carboxylic acid via aromatization followed by C–N cross-coupling reaction by using nano copper oxide as a recyclable catalyst
new and elegant protocol for the synthesis of 1-substituted indoles was developed via aromatization of indoline/indoline carboxylic acid followed by C–N cross-coupling with various aryl halides in the presence of nano CuO as a recyclable catalyst, Cs2CO3 as a base in DMSO at 80 °C. 1-Substituted indoles were obtained in good to excellent yields and the catalytic system can be recycled up to four cycles
通过将二氢吲哚/二氢吲哚羧酸芳构化,然后在作为可回收催化剂的纳米CuO Cs 2 CO 3的存在下,与各种芳基卤化物进行C–N交叉偶联,开发了一种新的且优雅的合成1-取代的吲哚的方案。在80°C下用作DMSO的碱。得到的1-取代的吲哚的收率高至优异,催化体系最多可循环使用四个循环而不会损失催化活性。
Synthesis of
<i>gem</i>
‐Difluoro Olefins through C−H Functionalization and β‐fluoride Elimination Reactions
作者:Zhen Yang、Mieke Möller、Rene M. Koenigs
DOI:10.1002/anie.201915500
日期:2020.3.27
reported. This approach provides for the first time a facile method for the rapid synthesis of gem-difluoro olefins using fluorinated diazoalkanes under mild reaction conditions. Cyclopropanation products were obtained when N-arylated rather than N-alkylated indoles were applied in this reaction. Mechanistic studies reveal the importance of the β-fluoride elimination step in this transformation. This method
The present invention discloses organic and inorganic photosensitizer dyes as the following formulas (1) to (3), wherein the substituents “A, B, D and G” are as defined in claim
1
.