Novel substituted isoxazole FXR agonists with cyclopropyl, hydroxycyclobutyl and hydroxyazetidinyl linkers: Understanding and improving key determinants of pharmacological properties
作者:Olaf Kinzel、Christoph Steeneck、Thomas Schlüter、Andreas Schulz、Christian Gege、Ulrike Hahn、Eva Hambruch、Martin Hornberger、Adriana Spalwisz、Katharina Frick、Sanja Perović-Ottstadt、Ulrich Deuschle、Michael Burnet、Claus Kremoser
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.070
日期:2016.8
Several isoxazole-containing series of FXR agonists have been published over the last 15 years, subsequent to the prototypical amphiphilic 'hammerhead'-type structure that was originally laid out by GW4064, the first potent synthetic FXR agonist. A set of novel compounds where the hammerhead is connected to the terminal carboxylic acid-bearing aryl or heteroaryl moiety by either a cyclopropyl, a hydroxycyclobutyl or a hydroxyazetidinyl linker was synthesized in order to improve upon the ADME properties of such isoxazoles. The resulting compounds all demonstrated high potencies at the target receptor FXR but with considerable differences in their physicochemical and in vivo profiles. The structure-activity relationships for key chemical features that have a major impact on the in vivo pharmacology of this series are discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.