Key structural features of cis-cinnamic acid as an allelochemical
摘要:
1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. It is suggested that it derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid, which is crucial for phytotoxicity. It was synthesized to confirm its structure and bioactivity, and also a series of cis-cinnamic acid analogues were prepared to elucidate the key features of cis-cinnamic acid for lettuce root growth inhibition. The cis-cyclopropyl analogue showed potent inhibitory activity while the saturated and alkyne analogues proved to be inactive, demonstrating the importance of the as-double bond. Moreover, the aromatic ring could not be replaced with a saturated ring. However, the 1,3-dienylcyclo-hexene analogue showed strong activity. These results suggest that the geometry of the C-C double bond between the carboxyl group and the aromatic ring is essential for potent inhibitory activity. In addition, using several light sources, the photostability of the cinnamic acid derivatives and the role of the C-C double bond were also investigated. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1,3-Diphenyldisiloxane Enables Additive-Free Redox Recycling Reactions and Catalysis with Triphenylphosphine
作者:Courtney C. Aldrich、Joseph A. Buonomo、Malcolm S. Cole、Carter G. Eiden
DOI:10.1055/s-0040-1707345
日期:2020.12
variants of the Wittig olefination, Appel halogenation, and Staudingerreduction. Triphenylphosphine-promoted catalytic recycling reactions were also facilitated by DPDS. Additive-free triphenylphosphine-promoted catalyticStaudingerreductions could even be performed at ambient temperature due to the rapid nature of phosphinimine reduction, for which we characterized kinetic and thermodynamic parameters
1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. It is suggested that it derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid, which is crucial for phytotoxicity. It was synthesized to confirm its structure and bioactivity, and also a series of cis-cinnamic acid analogues were prepared to elucidate the key features of cis-cinnamic acid for lettuce root growth inhibition. The cis-cyclopropyl analogue showed potent inhibitory activity while the saturated and alkyne analogues proved to be inactive, demonstrating the importance of the as-double bond. Moreover, the aromatic ring could not be replaced with a saturated ring. However, the 1,3-dienylcyclo-hexene analogue showed strong activity. These results suggest that the geometry of the C-C double bond between the carboxyl group and the aromatic ring is essential for potent inhibitory activity. In addition, using several light sources, the photostability of the cinnamic acid derivatives and the role of the C-C double bond were also investigated. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Organic synthesis using haloboration reaction xv. A new synthesis of α,β-unsaturated esters by the highly chemoselective reaction of B-I-9-BBN-ethoxyethyne adduct with aldehydes
A haloboration adduct, formed by the reaction of B-iodo-9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes with ethoxyethyne reacts with aldehydeschemoselectively under very mild conditions. The subsequent hydrolytic work-up affords -α,β-unsaturated esters in good yields.