Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bearing a Naphthalimide Fragment: A Modular Dye Platform for the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
摘要:
Cycloruthenated complexes of the type [Ru-II(N boolean AND N)(2)(C boolean AND N)](+) (N boolean AND N = substituted 2,2 '-bipyridine; C boolean AND N = substituted 3-(2 '-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthalimide ligand) are shown to generate high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). It is shown that substitution of the pyridine ring of the C boolean AND N ligand with conjugated groups can enhance molar absorption extinction coefficients, while the electron density imparted on the metal center is alleviated by the 1,8-naphthalimide fragment. This latter feature maintains a Ru(III)/Ru(II) redox couple more positive than 0.8 V versus NHE, thereby accommodating regeneration of the oxidized dye by an iodide-based redox mediator. This dye platform can consequently be modulated at various sites to enhance light absorption and suppress recombination between the redox mediator and the TiO2 surface without compromising dye regeneration, thereby maintaining device PCEs as high as 7%. We also introduce a new phosphine-based coadsorbent, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid (BEPA), which is significantly easier to synthesize than the widely used bis(3,3-dimethylbutyl)phosphinic acid (DINHOP) while also facilitating high dye loading.
Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bearing a Naphthalimide Fragment: A Modular Dye Platform for the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
摘要:
Cycloruthenated complexes of the type [Ru-II(N boolean AND N)(2)(C boolean AND N)](+) (N boolean AND N = substituted 2,2 '-bipyridine; C boolean AND N = substituted 3-(2 '-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthalimide ligand) are shown to generate high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). It is shown that substitution of the pyridine ring of the C boolean AND N ligand with conjugated groups can enhance molar absorption extinction coefficients, while the electron density imparted on the metal center is alleviated by the 1,8-naphthalimide fragment. This latter feature maintains a Ru(III)/Ru(II) redox couple more positive than 0.8 V versus NHE, thereby accommodating regeneration of the oxidized dye by an iodide-based redox mediator. This dye platform can consequently be modulated at various sites to enhance light absorption and suppress recombination between the redox mediator and the TiO2 surface without compromising dye regeneration, thereby maintaining device PCEs as high as 7%. We also introduce a new phosphine-based coadsorbent, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid (BEPA), which is significantly easier to synthesize than the widely used bis(3,3-dimethylbutyl)phosphinic acid (DINHOP) while also facilitating high dye loading.
COMPOUNDS WITH PHOSPHINE OXIDE AND AMINE FUNCTIONS, USEFUL AS URANIUM (VI) LIGANDS, AND USES THEREOF, IN PARTICULAR FOR EXTRACTING URANIUM(VI) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SULPHURIC ACID
申请人:COMMISSARIAT À L'ÉNERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ÉNERGIES ALTERNATIVES
公开号:US20180094009A1
公开(公告)日:2018-04-05
The invention relates to compounds which correspond to the general formula (I) below:
in which: R
1
and R
2
represent, independently of one another, a C
4
to C
12
acyclic hydrocarbon group; R
3
represents H; a C
1
to C
12
acyclic hydrocarbon group with optionally one or more heteroatoms; a C
5
or C
6
cyclic hydrocarbon group; or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group; R
4
represents H or a C
1
to C
12
acyclic hydrocarbon group with optionally one or more heteroatoms; R
5
and R
6
represent, independently of one another, H; a C
1
to C
12
acyclic hydrocarbon group with optionally one or more heteroatoms; a C
5
or C
6
cyclic hydrocarbon group; or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group; on the condition however that R
5
and R
6
do not each represent H.
A process for extracting metal values especially zinc values from aqueous solutions of metal salts which comprises contacting the aqueous solution with an organic phase comprising a compound of the formula:
wherein each of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴, independently, represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group or R¹ and R² together with the attached phosphorus atom and/or R³ and R⁴ together with the attached phosphorus atom form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic ring.