申请人:Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
公开号:US05831098A1
公开(公告)日:1998-11-03
2-Methyl-4,4a-dihydro-3H-carbazolium salts that are useful as dye precursors and dyes derived from those precursors are disclosed. The salts are described by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl, aryl, sulfoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, sulfatoalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, acyloxyalkyl, dialkylarinoalkylene, cycloaminoalkylene, acyl, or alkenyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sup.5 represents hydrogen, nitro, carboxyl, sulfo, hydroxy, halogen, phospho, or an alkoxy, thioalkoxy, oxyalkyl, acyl, alkyl, aryl, or amino group having up to 18 carbon atoms; wherein any two groups R.sup.5, or R.sup.4 and a group R.sup.5, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 may together form a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, heteroaryl, aliphatic, or heteroaliphatic ring; X represents an anion; and a and b represent positive integers such that a equals b. The salts have a partially saturated ring system that rigidifies the chromophore in the precursor and in dyes derived from it. The rigidified chromophores have narrowed absorption bands relative to corresponding non-rigid chromophores. Dyes prepared from the dye precursors of the invention typically have good solubility in non-polar solvents.
本发明揭示了作为染料前体和从这些前体衍生的染料有用的2-甲基-4,4a-二氢-3H-咔唑盐。所述盐由以下公式描述:其中R.sup.1代表具有1至18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、磺基烷基、羧基烷基、磺酸酯烷基、烷氧基烷基、酰氧基烷基、二烷基氨基烷基、环氨基烷基、酰基或烯基基团;R.sup.2代表最多含有18个碳原子的烷基基团;R.sup.3代表氢或具有1至18个碳原子的烷基基团;R.sup.4代表氢或具有1至18个碳原子的烷基基团;R.sup.5代表氢、硝基、羧基、磺基、羟基、卤素、磷酸基或具有最多18个碳原子的烷氧基、硫代烷氧基、氧代烷基、酰基、烷基、芳基或氨基基团;其中任意两个基团R.sup.5,或基团R.sup.4和基团R.sup.5,或基团R.sup.1和基团R.sup.4可以一起形成取代或未取代的芳基、杂芳基、脂环或杂脂环;X代表阴离子;a和b表示正整数,使得a等于b。这些盐具有部分饱和的环系统,使得前体中的色团和从中衍生的染料变得刚性。刚性的色团与相应的非刚性色团相比,具有较窄的吸收带。根据本发明的染料前体制备的染料通常在非极性溶剂中具有良好的溶解性。