Inhibition of Amyloidogenesis by Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Their Hybrid Nitrates
摘要:
Poor blood-brain barrier penetration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been blamed for the failure of the selective amyloid lowering agent (SALA) R-flurbiprofen in phase 3 clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD). NO-donor NSAIDs (NO-NSAIDs) provide an alternative, gastric-sparing approach to NSAID SALAs, which may improve bioavailability. NSAID analogues were studied for anti-inflammatory activity and for SALA activity in N2a neuronal cells transfected with human amyloid precursor protein (APP). Flurbiprofen (I) analogues were obtained with enhanced anti-inflammatory and antiamyloidogenic properties compared to I, however, esterification led to elevated A beta(1-42) levels. Hybrid nitrate prodrugs possessed superior anti-inflammatory activity and reduced toxicity relative to the parent NSAIDs, including clinical candidate CHF5074. Although hybrid nitrates elevated A beta(1-42) at higher concentration, SALA activity was observed at low concentrations (<= 1 mu M): both A beta(1-42) and the ratio of A beta(1-42)/A beta(1-40) were lowered. This biphasic SALA activity was attributed to the intact nitrate drug. For several compounds, the selective modulation of amyloidogenesis was tested using an immunoprecipitation MALDI-TOF approach. These data support the development of NO-NSAIDs as an alternative approach toward a clinically useful SALA.
作者:Victor Sans、Naima Karbass、M. Isabel Burguete、Vicente Compañ、Eduardo García-Verdugo、Santiago V. Luis、Milena Pawlak
DOI:10.1002/chem.201001873
日期:2011.2.7
The physico‐chemical properties of polymers with ionic‐liquid‐like moieties covalently bound to their surfaces (SILLPs) have been studied by thermal and spectroscopic techniques, as well as by direct impedance and dielectric measurements, and compared to those of the corresponding bulk ionicliquids. The effective transfer of properties from ionicliquids in solution to the supported species has thereby