A Back-to-Front Fragment-Based Drug Design Search Strategy Targeting the DFG-Out Pocket of Protein Tyrosine Kinases
摘要:
We present a straightforward process for the discovery of novel back pocket-binding fragment molecules against protein tyrosine kinases. The approach begins by screening against the nonphosphorylated target kinase with subsequent counterscreening of hits against the phosphorylated enzyme. Back pocket-binding fragments are inactive against the phosphorylated kinase. Fragment molecules are of insufficient size to span both regions of the ATP binding pocket; thus, the outcome is binary (back pocket-binding or hinge-binding). Next, fragments with the appropriate binding profile are assayed in combination with a known hinge-binding fragment and subsequently with a known back pocket-binding fragment. Confirmation of back pocket-binding by Yonetani-Theorell plot analysis progresses candidate fragments to crystallization trials. The method is exemplified by a fragment screening campaign against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and a novel back pocket-binding fragment is presented.
Disclosed are compounds which have been identified as inhibitors of phosphate transport. Many of the compounds are represented by Structural Formula (I):
Ar
1
—W—X—Y—Ar
2
;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Ar
1
and Ar
2
are independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an optionally substituted five membered or six membered non-aromatic heterocylic group fused to an optionally substituted monocylic aryl group. W and Y are independently a covalent bond or a C1-C3 substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group. X is a heteroatom-containing functional group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, non-aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group, an olefin group or a substituted olefin group. Also disclosed are methods of treating a subject with a disease associated with hyperphosphatemia, as well as a disease mediated by phosphate-transport function. The methods comprise the step of administering an effective amount of the one of the compounds described above.
KNOPS, H. J.;HEINEMANN, U.;BABCZINSKI, P.;EUE, L.;SCHMIDT, R.
作者:KNOPS, H. J.、HEINEMANN, U.、BABCZINSKI, P.、EUE, L.、SCHMIDT, R.
DOI:——
日期:——
US4514210A
申请人:——
公开号:US4514210A
公开(公告)日:1985-04-30
A Back-to-Front Fragment-Based Drug Design Search Strategy Targeting the DFG-Out Pocket of Protein Tyrosine Kinases
作者:Hidehisa Iwata、Hideyuki Oki、Kengo Okada、Terufumi Takagi、Michiko Tawada、Yasushi Miyazaki、Shinichi Imamura、Akira Hori、J. David Lawson、Mark S. Hixon、Hiroyuki Kimura、Hiroshi Miki
DOI:10.1021/ml3000403
日期:2012.4.12
We present a straightforward process for the discovery of novel back pocket-binding fragment molecules against protein tyrosine kinases. The approach begins by screening against the nonphosphorylated target kinase with subsequent counterscreening of hits against the phosphorylated enzyme. Back pocket-binding fragments are inactive against the phosphorylated kinase. Fragment molecules are of insufficient size to span both regions of the ATP binding pocket; thus, the outcome is binary (back pocket-binding or hinge-binding). Next, fragments with the appropriate binding profile are assayed in combination with a known hinge-binding fragment and subsequently with a known back pocket-binding fragment. Confirmation of back pocket-binding by Yonetani-Theorell plot analysis progresses candidate fragments to crystallization trials. The method is exemplified by a fragment screening campaign against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and a novel back pocket-binding fragment is presented.