Ethylene oligomerization activities of chromium catalysts stabilized by different dipyrrole-based ancillary ligands, [(Ph2C(C4H4N)(2))] (2), [Ph2C(C4H4N)(C5H6N)] (3), [(Et)(2)C(C4H4N)(2)] (4), and [(C6H5)(C5H4N)C(C4H4N)(C5H6N)] (5), have been investigated using different activation methods, and the results have been compared with the commercial Chevron-Phillips ethylene trimerization system. Upon activation with triethylaluminum (TEA), chromium catalysts stabilized by dipyrrole-based ligands 25 showed a lower activity and selectivity compared to the ChevronPhillips trimerization system based on 2,5-dimethylpyrrole (1) as the ancillary ligand. However, unprecedented increases in both activity and selectivity have been observed by carrying out the oligomerization in methylcyclohexane using depleted-methylaluminoxane (DMAO) along with triisobutylaluminum (TIBA) (1:2 ratio) as cocatalyst system under mild conditions, even for the Chevron-Phillips system itself. Well-defined chromium complexes, [(Ph2C(C4H3N)(2))Cr(Cl)(THF)(3)] (6) and [Ph2C(C4H3N)(C5H6N]Cr(THF)(mu-Cl)}(2) (7), have been synthesized and fully characterized. Upon activating with MAO, catalyst 7 produced a statistical distribution of oligomers, whereas under identical oligomerization conditions catalyst 6/MAO was found to be inactive. The use of MeAlCl2 as cocatalyst to activate 7 resulted in the switching of the catalysts behavior from producing a statistical distribution of LAOs to the selective trimerization of ethylene to 1-hexene. The addition of dialkylzinc along with MAO resulted in an unprecedented activity increase.
[EN] PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN OLIGO(ALPHA-OLEFIN) AND THE USE OF A PARTICULAR FORM OF METHYLALUMINOXANE IN SUCH PROCESS<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉ DE PRODUCTION D'UNE OLIGO(ALPHA-OLÉFINE) ET UTILISATION D'UNE FORME PARTICULIÈRE DE MÉTHYLALUMINOXANE DANS UN TEL PROCÉDÉ
申请人:STICHTING DUTCH POLYMER INST
公开号:WO2014069989A1
公开(公告)日:2014-05-08
The invention relates to a process for producing an oligo(alpha-olefin), comprising preparing a mixture of at least a chromium complex comprising one or more ligands comprising a deprotonated pyrrole moiety; methylaluminoxane; an aluminum alkyl compound; an alpha-olefin; and a solvent; wherein the methylaluminoxane is a substance that is obtained by removing essentially all volatiles from a mixture that is obtained when trimethylaluminum is partly · hydrolyzed in a solvent.
Ring Opening and C−O and C−N Bond Cleavage by Transient Reduced Thorium Species
the products arose from a loss of the methyl group attached to the central pyrrole ring N atom. When the reduction was carried out in DME as a solvent, the complex [2,5-[(C4H3N)CPh2]2[C4H2N(Me)]}Th(OMe)]2(m-OC2H4OMe)2}· 0.75(hexane) (5) was isolated. This species is derived from two different pathways of C−O cleavage of the DME solvent. Reduction of 2,5-[(C4H3N)CPh2]2[C4H2N(Me)]}ThCl(C4H3N)CPh2[C4H3N(Me)]}
三吡咯化物二价阴离子2的四价络合物[2,5-[(C 4 H 3 N)CPh 2 ] 2 [C 4 H 2 N(Me)]} ThCl 2(THF)] THF(2)的还原取决于反应条件,1,2,5 -[(C 4 H 3 N)CPh 2 ] 2 C 4 H 2 N(Me)提供不同的产物。在每种情况下,反应都是通过最初形成还原的物种而进行的,这是由暗红色的快速形成,然后缓慢而完全的变色所表明的。在减少甲苯的情况下,络合物(2,5-[(C 4H 3 N)CPh 2 ] 2 [C 4 H 2 N]} 2 Th [K(甲苯)] 2)·1.5(甲苯)(3a)和2,5-[(C 4 H 3 N)CPh 2取决于结晶溶剂(甲苯对DME),得到] 2 [C 4 H 2 N]} 2 Th [K(DME)] 2(3b)。在这两种情况下,产物都是由于连接在中心吡咯环N原子上的甲基的损失而产生的。当在DME作为溶剂进行还原时,络合物[2