Efficient Syntheses of Substituted Carbazoles and Cyclopent[b]indoles from 1-Methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole
摘要:
1-Methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole (1)undergoes lithiation and 1,4-addition with a variety of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones and aldehydes. Subsequent treatment with an acidic resin in refluxing 1,4-dioxane causes intramolecular cyclization followed by aromatization to furnish a wide range of 1.3-di-, 2,3-di- and 1,2,3-trisubstituted carbazoles 6a-j and 8 in moderate to excellent yields. NMR study is described to discriminate between structures of types 6 and 8 on the basis of H-1-C-13 long-range correlation. Treatment of 1 with styrenes in the presence of zinc bromide results in formal [3+2] cycloaddition to give cyclopent[b]indoles 14a-c in good yields. When 1 is first lithiated and reacts with electrophiles, the resulting alkylation products undergo similar [3+2] additions with styrenes to give 1-functionalized cyclopent[b]indoles 15 and 16 with a high degree of stereoselectivity.
A variety of 3-substituted indoles are prepared from 1-methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylalkyl)indoles (1), which are readily available either from the condensation of 3-methylindole with N-(benzotriazol-1-ylalkyl)carbamates or from the alkylation and silylation of lithiated 1-methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole (2).
A variety of 3-substituted indoles are prepared from 1-methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylalkyl)indoles (1), which are readily available either from the condensation of 3-methylindole with N-(benzotriazol-1-ylalkyl)carbamates or from the alkylation and silylation of lithiated 1-methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole (2).
Efficient Syntheses of Substituted Carbazoles and Cyclopent[<i>b</i>]indoles from 1-Methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole
作者:Alan R. Katritzky、Guifen Zhang、Linghong Xie、Ion Ghiviriga
DOI:10.1021/jo9604954
日期:1996.1.1
1-Methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole (1)undergoes lithiation and 1,4-addition with a variety of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones and aldehydes. Subsequent treatment with an acidic resin in refluxing 1,4-dioxane causes intramolecular cyclization followed by aromatization to furnish a wide range of 1.3-di-, 2,3-di- and 1,2,3-trisubstituted carbazoles 6a-j and 8 in moderate to excellent yields. NMR study is described to discriminate between structures of types 6 and 8 on the basis of H-1-C-13 long-range correlation. Treatment of 1 with styrenes in the presence of zinc bromide results in formal [3+2] cycloaddition to give cyclopent[b]indoles 14a-c in good yields. When 1 is first lithiated and reacts with electrophiles, the resulting alkylation products undergo similar [3+2] additions with styrenes to give 1-functionalized cyclopent[b]indoles 15 and 16 with a high degree of stereoselectivity.