作者:Jeroen S. Dickschat、Helge B. Bode、Reiner M. Kroppenstedt、Rolf Müller、Stefan Schulz
DOI:10.1039/b504889c
日期:——
The fatty acid (FA) profiles of the myxobacteria Stigmatella aurantiaca and Myxococcus xanthus were investigated by acidic methanolysis of total cell extracts and GC or GC-MS analysis. The main components were 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (iso-15:0) and (Z)-hexadec-11-enoic acid (16:1, ω-5 cis). The biosynthesis of iso-FAs was investigated in several feeding experiments. Feeding of isovaleric acid (IVA) to a mutant impaired in the degradation of leucine to isovaleryl-CoA (IV–CoA)
(bkd mutant) of M. xanthus only increased the amount of iso-odd FAs, whereas feeding of isobutyric acid (IBA) gave increased amounts only of iso-even FAs. In contrast, a bkd mutant of S. aurantiaca gave increased amounts of iso-odd and iso-even fatty acids in both experiments. We assumed that in S. aurantiaca
α-oxidation takes place. [D7]-15-Methylhexadecanoic acid (8) was synthesised and fed to S. aurantiaca as well as [D10]leucine and [D8]valine to elucidate this pathway in more detail. The iso-fatty acid 8 was degraded by α- and β-oxidation steps. [D10]Leucine was strongly incorporated into iso-odd and iso-even fatty acids, whereas the incorporation rates for [D8]valine into both types of fatty acids were low. Thus α-oxidation plays an important role in the biosynthesis of iso-fatty acids in S. aurantiaca. The incorporation rates observed after feeding of [D10]leucine and [D8]valine are the highest for iso-17:0 compared to the other acids. This indicates the central role of iso-17:0 in the biosynthesis of iso-FAs. The shorter homologues seem to be formed mainly by α-oxidation and β-oxidation of this acid. After feeding of 8 traces of unsaturated counterparts of this labelled FA occurred in the extracts indicating that desaturases are active in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in S. aurantiaca.
通过总细胞提取物的酸性甲醇分解和气相色谱或气相色谱-质谱分析,研究了粘细菌斯图亚特氏菌(Stigmatella aurantiaca)和黄杆菌(Myxococcus xanthus)的脂肪酸(FA)谱。主要成分是13-甲基十四烷酸(iso-15:0)和(Z)-十六碳-11-烯酸(16:1,ω-5顺式)。在几个喂养实验中研究了iso-FA的生物合成。将异戊酸(IVA)喂养给M. xanthus的一个突变体,该突变体在将亮氨酸降解为异戊酰-CoA(IV-CoA)过程中受损(bkd突变体),仅增加了iso-奇数FA的含量,而喂养异丁酸(IBA)仅增加了iso-偶数FA的含量。相比之下,S. aurantiaca的bkd突变体在两个实验中都增加了iso-奇数和iso-偶数脂肪酸的含量。我们假设S. aurantiaca中发生了α氧化。合成了[D7]-15-甲基十六烷酸(8),并将其与[D10]亮氨酸和[D8]缬氨酸一起喂养给S. aurantiaca,以更详细地阐明此途径。iso-脂肪酸8通过α和β氧化步骤降解。[D10]亮氨酸强烈掺入iso-奇数和iso-偶数脂肪酸中,而[D8]缬氨酸掺入这两种类型的脂肪酸中的速率较低。因此,α氧化在S. aurantiaca中iso-脂肪酸的生物合成中起重要作用。在喂养[D10]亮氨酸和[D8]缬氨酸后观察到的掺入速率,与其它酸相比,iso-17:0是最高的。这表明iso-17:0在iso-FA的生物合成中起核心作用。较短的同系物似乎主要通过这种酸的α氧化和β氧化形成。在喂养8后,提取物中出现了这种标记FA的未饱和对应物的痕迹,表明在S. aurantiaca中未饱和脂肪酸的生物合成中存在脱氢酶活性。