Optical resolution, absolute configuration, and activity of the enantiomers of proxyphylline
作者:Kirsten Selvig、Merete Ruud-Christensen、Arne J. Aasen
DOI:10.1021/jm00364a029
日期:1983.10
The enantiomers of proxyphylline have been separated via their corresponding camphanates. Synthesis of (+)-proxyphylline from theophylline and (S)-propylene oxide derived from (S)-lactic acid established the absolute configuration of the (+) and (-) isomer as S and R, respectively. The activity of the enantiomers as cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors was tested in human lung tissue homogenate
Chiral Recognition of Pharmaceuticals Having a Xanthine Skeleton by (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-<i>O</i>-gallate in Water
作者:Hiroyuki Tsutsumi、Haruka Tanabe、Takashi Ishizu
DOI:10.1248/cpb.c18-00027
日期:2018.6.1
out of the hydrophobic space. In the 1H-NMR spectra of the mixture of (R)- and (S)-proxyphylline, (R)- and (S)-diprophylline and an equimolecular amount of EGCg, the N3-CH3 signal of (R)- and (S)-proxyphylline, and (R)- and (S)-diprophylline was clearly observed as two singlets. This suggested that EGCg recognized the chirality of proxyphylline and diprophylline in water.
reported and discussed, highlighting the diversity of molecular conformations that can be adopted by the PXL molecule, which accounts for the versatility of the crystallization behaviors observed in this system. These findings enhance our understanding of the crystallization behavior of chiral pharmaceutical compounds and have implications for optimizing their crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical
丙茶碱 (PXL) 是茶碱的手性衍生物,作为外消旋化合物结晶,通过热分析和衍射技术对其固态结构进行了广泛研究。这项研究揭示了五种不同多晶型物的存在:外消旋混合物的两种多晶型物和纯对映体的三种多晶型物。通过结合不同的分析技术确认了每个固相的性质,揭示了热力学稳定的外消旋化合物 RI ( T Fus = 134 °C) 的存在,与稳定的对映体纯晶型 EI ( T Fus = 148.3) 处于平衡状态℃)。此外,还可以证明其他晶体形式:外消旋化合物的多晶型物 RII( T Fus = 111.5 °C),以及两种亚稳态复合体 cEI 和 cEII,以及纯对映体的其他两种多晶型物 EII 和 EIII。报告和讨论了 RI 和 EI 的晶体结构,强调了 PXL 分子可以采用的分子构象的多样性,这解释了在该系统中观察到的结晶行为的多功能性。这些发现增强了我们对手性药物化合物结晶行为的理解,并对优化制药行业的结晶过程具有重要意义。
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Proxyphylline Enantiomers
reactions were catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B in acetonitrile. Three types of reactions were examined: (i) enantioselective transesterification of racemic proxyphylline with vinyl acetate as well as (ii) hydrolysis and (iii) methanolysis of its esters. The influence of reaction conditions on the substrate conversion and enantiomeric purity of the products were investigated. Studies
提出了使用动力学拆分(KR)程序为关键步骤制备代用品茶碱对映体的新颖合成途径。反应被固定在乙腈中的南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B催化。检查了三种类型的反应:(i)外消旋雷替林与乙酸乙烯酯的对映选择性酯交换以及(ii)水解和(iii)其酯的甲醇分解。研究了反应条件对产物底物转化率和对映体纯度的影响。分析规模反应的研究表明,可以以优异的对映体过量(高达ee高达99%)成功获得标题为API的对映体。该过程很容易以100 g / L的5 g规模进行。在制备规模的反应中,未反应(2天后获得S)-(+)-丁酸酯(97%ee)和(R)-(-)-醇(96%ee),产率分别为45%和46%。当反应时间延长至6天时,(S)-(+)-丁酸酯的分离度> 99%ee,可接受的高对映选择性(E = 90)。重要的是,通过在室温下利用酯/醇在乙腈中的不同溶解度,可以方便地分离出KR的产物。另外,在硅对接研究中合理化了CAL-B活性位点对R-对映体的手性偏好。
Biocatalytic hydrogen-transfer to access enantiomerically pure proxyphylline, xanthinol, and diprophylline
redox reactions of carbonyl compounds (i.e., aldehydes and ketones) and primary or secondary alcohols, often resulting in optically pure hydroxyl products with high added value. In this work, we report a concise chemoenzymatic route toward xanthine-based enantiomericallypure active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) – proxyphylline, xanthinol, and diprophylline employing various recombinant short-chain