A series of N-skatyltryptamines was synthesized and their affinities for serotonin and dopamine receptors were determined. Compounds exhibited activity toward 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT6, and D2 receptors. Substitution patterns resulting in affinity/activity switches were identified and studied using homology modeling. Chosen hits were screened to determine their metabolism, permeability, hepatotoxicity, and CYP inhibition. Several D2 receptor antagonists with additional 5-HT6R antagonist and agonist properties were identified. The former combination resembled known antipsychotic agents, while the latter was particularly interesting due to the fact that it has not been studied before. Selective 5-HT6R antagonists have been shown previously to produce procognitive and promnesic effects in several rodent models. Administration of 5-HT6R agonists was more ambiguous—in naive animals, it did not alter memory or produce slight amnesic effects, while in rodent models of memory impairment, they ameliorated the condition just like antagonists. Using the identified hit compounds 15 and 18, we tried to sort out the difference between ligands exhibiting the D2R antagonist function combined with 5-HT6R agonism, and mixed D2/5-HT6R antagonists in murine models of psychosis.
合成了一系列N-斯卡提尔色胺类化合物,并确定了它们对5-羟色胺和多巴胺受体的亲和力。这些化合物对5-HT1A、5-HT2A、5-HT6和D2受体表现出活性。通过同源建模鉴定并研究了导致亲和力/活性变化的取代模式。选择的化合物被筛选以确定它们的代谢、渗透性、肝毒性和CYP抑制作用。鉴定了几种具有额外5-HT6R拮抗剂和激动剂特性的D2受体拮抗剂。前者的组合类似于已知的抗精神病药物,而后者尤为有趣,因为以前尚未进行研究。先前已经显示,选择性的5-HT6R拮抗剂在几种啮齿动物模型中产生了促认知和促记忆效应。5-HT6R激动剂的给药效果更加模棱两可——在原始动物中,它不会改变记忆或产生轻微的遗忘效应,而在记忆障碍的啮齿动物模型中,它们像拮抗剂一样改善了状况。使用鉴定出的化合物15和18,我们尝试区分表现出D2R拮抗功能与5-HT6R激动作用相结合的配体,以及在小鼠精神病模型中混合D2/5-HT6R拮抗剂。