毒理性
恩尼菌素因其能作为离子载体，改变跨膜离子传输并破坏细胞壁的离子选择性而具有毒性。在膜中，恩尼菌素形成二聚体结构，并能将单价离子（尤其是K+、Mg2+、Ca2+和Na+）跨膜运输。这种效应在 mitochondrial 膜中尤其有害，导致氧化磷酸化解偶联。它们还知道抑制几种酶，包括酰基辅酶A：胆固醇酰基转移酶和环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶。恩尼菌素具有细胞毒性，可引起DNA片段化、诱导凋亡和破坏ERK信号通路。它们还能抑制位于膜上的ATP结合盒（ABC）转运体的活性，这些转运体是多药泵，影响异生物质和药物的生物利用度。（A3055、A3056、A3057）
Enniatins are toxic due to their ability to act as ionophores, changing ion transport across membranes and disrupting the ionic selectivity of cell walls. In the membrane, enniatins form a dimeric structure and are able to transport monovalent ions (especially K+, Mg2+,Ca2+ and Na+) across the membranes. This effect is particularly harmful in mitochondrial membranes, resulting in the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. They are also know to inhibit several enzymes, including acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Enniatins are cytotoxic and can cause DNA fragmentation, induce apoptosis, and disrupt the ERK signalling pathway. They can also inhibit the activity of membrane-located ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, multidrug pumps which affect the bioavailability of xenobiotics and pharmaceuticals. (A3055, A3056, A3057)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
