带有两个酰胺基团的苯甲酸催化剂通过内部氢键相互作用增加了羧酸部分的布朗斯台德酸度,被设计为一类新型的羧酸催化剂,用于吲哚与β-硝基苯乙烯和3,3-的Friedel-Crafts反应。双取代的3 H吲哚,以高收率获得相应的Friedel-Crafts加合物。与内部氢键结合的苯甲酸催化剂相比,苯胺酸具有较高的布朗斯台德酸度,后者基于DMSO中通过紫外分光光度滴定法测得的p K a得出。
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by Zn(II)-Thiourea Complex
作者:Ningning Wan、Yonghai Hui、Zhengfeng Xie、Jide Wang
DOI:10.1002/cjoc.201180480
日期:2012.2
Friedel‐Craftsalkylation of indoles with nitroalkenes catalyzed by a novel Zn(II)‐thiourea complex has been developed. The remarkable advantages of this reaction are mild reaction conditions, simple workup procedure, high yield of products and the use of ethanol as acceptable solvent.
Boric Acid–Mediated Mild and Efficient Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with Nitro Styrenes
作者:H. M. Meshram、N. Nageswara Rao、G. Santosh Kumar
DOI:10.1080/00397910903457316
日期:2010.11.3
An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of indole 3-derivatives by the Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indole with nitroolefins in presence of boric acid in aqueous medium.
Carbohydrate-Based Tolylsulfonyl Hydrazines: Effective Catalysts for Michael Addition of Indoles to Electron-Deficient Olefins in Water
作者:Jiwen Cai、Peng Wu、Yiqian Wan
DOI:10.1055/s-2008-1072735
日期:2008.5
Carbohydrate-based tolylsulfonyl hydrazines were used for the first time to catalyze the Michael reaction of indoles to electron-deficient olefins in aqueous media to afford 3-substituted indole derivatives in good to excellent yields at room temperature.
Sc(OTf)<sub>3</sub>: A Highly Efficient and Renewable Catalyst for Michael Addition of Indoles to Nitroolefins in Water
作者:Jianwei Xie、Xinhai Zhu、Manna Huang、Fei Meng、Man Wang、Yiqian Wan
DOI:10.1080/00397910903398676
日期:2010.9.30
A catalytic amount of scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate [Sc(OTf)3] (2.5mol%) was used to catalyze the Michael addition of indoles to nitroolefins in water to afford the corresponding 3-alkylated indoles in good to excellent yields. The short reaction times, excellent yields, and renewability of the catalyst are noteworthy.
Chauhan, Pankaj; Singh, Sarbjit; Chimni, Swapandeep Singh, Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2013, vol. 52, # 2, p. 245 - 251