Striking AcOH Acceleration in Direct Intramolecular Allylic Amination Reactions
作者:Fady Nahra、Frédéric Liron、Guillaume Prestat、Carlo Mealli、Abdelatif Messaoudi、Giovanni Poli
DOI:10.1002/chem.200901946
日期:2009.10.26
An acid–base reaction to speed up a sluggish catalytic cycle! AcOH as the solvent enables extraordinarily fast and efficient PdII‐catalysed, directintramolecularallylicaminations, assisting the benzoquinone‐mediated palladium reoxidation and ionisation of the intermediate palladium complexes (see scheme). The structural and energetic aspects of such a key step of the catalytic cycle are illustrated
3-Vinyl-2,6-dioxacyclohexan-1-ones 1, by treatment with N-tosyl or N-aryl isocyanates and a catalytic amount of Pd0, are converted into N-tosyl- and N-aryl-3-vinyl-2-aza-6-oxacyclohexan-1-ones 2 in good yields and with unique stereoselectivity.
Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,3-Hydroxyl Amines via Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonate-Carbamate Transformation with Unique Stereoselectivity: Synthesis of 3-Amino-4-penten-1-ols
The transformation of cyclic carbonates 1 to cyclic carbamates 4 is achieved in the presence of aryl or sulfonyl isocyanate by the catalysis of Pd(0) in high yield and with high structural flexibility. The reaction shows unique stereoselectivity: 3,4-disubstituted carbonates 2, irrespective of the composition of their stereoisomers, provide trans-5 exclusively or predominantly over cis-5. Mixtures of cis- and trans-3,5-disubstituted carbonates 3 furnish either cis-6 or trans-6 in high selectivity depending on the reaction conditions (kinetic or thermodynamic control, respectively). H-1 NMR and X-ray structure analyses of 5 and 6 indicate that the stereochemical outcome is governed by an A1,2-strain between N-sulfonyl and C5-vinyl substituents.