Near-Infrared Illumination of Native Tissues for Image-Guided Surgery
摘要:
Our initial efforts to prepare tissue-specific near infrared (NIR) fluorescent compounds generated successful correlation between physicochemical, properties and global uptake in major organs after systemic circulation and biodistribution. Herein, we focus on the effects on biodistribution based on modulating electronic influencing moieties from donating to withdrawing moieties at both the heterocyclic site and through meso-substitution of pentamethine cyanine fluorophores. These selected modifications harnessed innate biodistribution pathways through the structure-inherent targeting, resulting in effective imaging of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, lymph nodes, pancreas, and thyroid and salivary glands. These native-tissue contrast agents will arm surgeons with a powerful and versatile arsenal for intraoperative NIR imaging in real time.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) operate as signaling molecules under various physiological conditions, and overproduction of ROS is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Therefore, fluorescent probes for visualizing ROS are promising tools with which to uncover the molecular mechanisms of physiological and pathological processes and might also be useful for diagnosis. Here we describe a novel fluorescence probe, FOSCY-1, operating in the physiologically favorable near-infrared region. The probe consists of two differentially ROS-reactive cyanine dyes connected by a linker; reaction of the more susceptible dye with ROS releases intramolecular fluorescence quenching of the less susceptible dye. We successfully applied this probe to detect ROS produced by HL60 cells and porcine neutrophils and for imaging oxidative stress in a mouse model of peritonitis.