毒理性
◉ 母乳喂养期间的使用总结:Indinavir(印地那韦)已不再在美国市场销售。关于在母乳喂养期间使用印地那韦的已发表经验有限,但一些婴儿可能会在母乳中达到高浓度的药物。印地那韦在母乳喂养期间不是推荐的药物。
◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响:截至修订日期,未找到相关的已发表信息。
◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:在接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的男性中报告了男性乳房发育。男性乳房发育最初是单侧的,但在大约一半的病例中进展为双侧。没有观察到血清催乳素的变化,即使继续使用该方案,通常也会在一年内自发解决。一些病例报告和体外研究表明,蛋白酶抑制剂可能会在一些男性患者中引起高催乳素血症和乳汁分泌过多,尽管这一点存在争议。这些发现与哺乳母亲的相关性尚不清楚。已建立泌乳的母亲的催乳素水平可能不会影响她的哺乳能力。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Indinavir is no longer marketed in the US. Published experience with indinavir during breastfeeding is limited, but some infants may achieve high levels of the drug in breastmilk. Indinavir is not a recommended agent during breastfeeding.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Gynecomastia has been reported among men receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Gynecomastia is unilateral initially, but progresses to bilateral in about half of cases. No alterations in serum prolactin were noted and spontaneous resolution usually occurred within one year, even with continuation of the regimen. Some case reports and in vitro studies have suggested that protease inhibitors might cause hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea in some male patients, although this has been disputed. The relevance of these findings to nursing mothers is not known. The prolactin level in a mother with established lactation may not affect her ability to breastfeed.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)