Oxidative damage of proline residues by nitrate radicals (NO<sub>3</sub>˙): a kinetic and product study
作者:Joses G. Nathanael、Jonathan M. White、Annika Richter、Madison R. Nuske、Uta Wille
DOI:10.1039/d0ob01337d
日期:——
indicating that NO3˙-induced oxidation of amide bonds proceeds through initial formation of a charge transfer complex. Furthermore, the rate of oxidative damage of proline and N-methyl glycine is significantly influenced by its position in a peptide. Thus, neighbouring peptide bonds, particularly in the N-direction, reduce the electron density at the tertiary amide, which slows down the rate of ET by up
叔酰胺,例如N-酰化脯氨酸或N-甲基甘氨酸残基,与硝酸根 (NO 3 ˙) 快速反应,在乙腈中的绝对速率系数范围为 4-7 × 10 8 M -1 s -1 。主要途径通过氮处的氧化电子转移 (ET) 进行,而在这些条件下,夺氢只是次要因素。然而,酰胺的空间位阻,例如α-碳上的烷基侧链,使速率系数降低高达 75%,表明 NO 3˙ 诱导的酰胺键氧化通过电荷转移复合物的初始形成进行。此外,脯氨酸和N-甲基甘氨酸的氧化损伤率显着受其在肽中的位置的影响。因此,相邻的肽键,特别是在N方向上,会降低叔酰胺的电子密度,从而将 ET 的速率降低多达一个数量级。这些模型研究的结果表明,与单一氨基酸相比,肽中脯氨酸残基对自由基诱导的氧化损伤的敏感性应大大降低。
Pyrazole glucokinase activators
申请人:Berthel Steven Joseph
公开号:US20080021032A1
公开(公告)日:2008-01-24
Disclosed herein are pyrazole glucokinase activators of the formula (I)
useful for the treatment of metabolic diseases and disorders, preferably diabetes mellitus.
本文披露了一种式(I)的吡唑葡萄糖激酶激活剂,用于治疗代谢性疾病和紊乱,最好是糖尿病。
[EN] HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS, MEDICAMENTS CONTAINING SAID COMPOUNDS, USE THEREOF AND PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS HÉTÉROCYCLIQUES, MÉDICAMENTS CONTENANT LESDITS COMPOSÉS, LEUR UTILISATION ET LEURS PROCÉDÉS DE PRÉPARATION
申请人:BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INT
公开号:WO2013064450A1
公开(公告)日:2013-05-10
The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (I) and the tautomers and the salts thereof, particularly the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids and bases, which have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly an inhibitory effect on epithelial sodium channels, the use thereof for the treatment of diseases, particularly diseases of the lungs and airways.
Solvolyse von ?-Aminoalkylhalogeniden II. Teil. Fragmentierungsreaktionen. 2. Mitteilung
作者:C. A. Grob、F. Ostermayer、W. Raudenbusch
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19620450534
日期:——
α,α-Dimethyl γ-dimethylaminoalkyl halides Me2NCH2CMe2X (X = Cl, Br, I) undergo fragmentation (43–47%) upon solvolysis in «80%» ethanol. The relative rates at 40° are 1, 38 and 113.
[EN] MACROCYCLIC LIGANDS WITH PENDANT CHELATING MOIETIES AND COMPLEXES THEREOF<br/>[FR] LIGANDS MACROCYCLIQUES AYANT DES FRACTIONS CHÉLATANTES PENDANTES ET LEURS COMPLEXES
申请人:LUMIPHORE INC
公开号:WO2018045385A1
公开(公告)日:2018-03-08
The invention relates to chemical compounds and complexes that can be used in therapeutic and diagnostic applications.