申请人:Pfizer Inc.
公开号:US04429128A1
公开(公告)日:1984-01-31
Carbapenam-3-carboxylic acids and carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acids substituted at the 1-position with an oxo, a hydroxy or an acetoxy group, variously substituted at the 2-position with such groups as methyl, acetoxymethyl, methanesulfonyloxy, alkoxy, alkylthio, aminoalkylthio or amidinoalkylthio and optionally substituted at the 6-position with a hydroxyalkyl group, an acetoxyalkyl group or a conventional penicillin side-chain, pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof and various esters thereof wherein the esterifying group is selectively removed in the laboratory, or hydrolyzed under physiological conditions. These compounds are useful either systemically or topically in the treatment of diseases caused by susceptible microorganisms, as animal feed additives for promotion of growth, or in the preservation of biodegradable materials, or as intermediates to compounds having such antibacterial activity. Key to the synthesis of these compounds is the light catalyzed rearrangement of 2-diazo-1-oxoceph-3-em-4-carboxylates to 1-oxocarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylates, a newly discovered reaction determined to be of general applicability.
在1-位置上以氧、羟基或乙酰氧基基团取代的碳青霉烯-3-羧酸和碳青霉烯-2-烯-3-羧酸,以各种基团在2-位置上取代,如甲基、乙酰氧甲基、甲烷磺酰氧基、烷氧基、烷基硫醇、氨基烷硫醇或酰胺基烷硫醇,并在6-位置上选择性地以羟基烷基、乙酰氧基烷基或传统青霉素侧链取代,其药学上可接受的盐以及各种酯类,其中酯化基团在实验室中被选择性地去除,或在生理条件下水解。这些化合物在治疗由易感微生物引起的疾病中,无论是系统性还是局部性,作为促进生长的动物饲料添加剂,或在生物可降解材料的保护中,或作为具有抗菌活性的化合物的中间体,都是有用的。这些化合物的合成关键在于光催化2-重氮基-1-氧代头孢-3-烯-4-羧酸酯的重排,形成1-氧代碳青霉烯-2-烯-3-羧酸酯,这是一种新发现的反应,被认为具有普适性。