Novel photochemical ring contraction of 1-naphthols promoted by aluminum halides
摘要:
Irradiation of 1-naphthol (1a) and its 2-alkyl and 6-methoxy derivatives 1b-d with 5 equiv of AlCl3 or AlBr3 in CH2Cl2 gave (chloromethyl)indanones 4a-d in 41-72% yields. Irradiation of 1a with AlBr3 in CH2Br2 afforded (bromomethyl)indanone 5a in 54%. 3-Methyl derivative 1e was unreactive and 4-methyl derivative 1f underwent isomerization to 1e.
Novel photochemical ring contraction of 1-naphthols promoted by aluminum halides
摘要:
Irradiation of 1-naphthol (1a) and its 2-alkyl and 6-methoxy derivatives 1b-d with 5 equiv of AlCl3 or AlBr3 in CH2Cl2 gave (chloromethyl)indanones 4a-d in 41-72% yields. Irradiation of 1a with AlBr3 in CH2Br2 afforded (bromomethyl)indanone 5a in 54%. 3-Methyl derivative 1e was unreactive and 4-methyl derivative 1f underwent isomerization to 1e.
Novel photoreactions of 1- and 2-naphthols with ethylene promoted by aluminum halides are described. Irradiation of 2-naphthol (2a) with AlX3 (X = Cl, Br) and ethylene in CH2Cl2 gave the corresponding [2 + 2] cycloadduct 7a in good yields. The major side product was 2-ethyl-1-naphthol (8a). Of the Lewis acids and alkenes examined, only AlCl3 and AlBr3 effected the reaction and only ethylene gave satisfactory results, although allene can also be employed. Naphthols 2b-e having different electron-attracting substituents on C-6 afforded [2 + 2] adducts 7b-e in moderate to good yields, while the reactions of C-3-alkyl-substituted derivatives 8a and 15b were unsuccessful. By contrast, 1-naphthol (1a) and its derivatives 1b-e exhibited diverse reactivities depending on the substituent on C-2, C-3, or C-6. Namely 1a and 3-methyl derivative 1b afforded [2 + 2] cycloadducts 16a and 16b in moderate yields. On the other hand, 2-methyl and 2-propyl derivatives 1c and 1d yielded unusual products like indenones 22a and 22b and cyclopropyl ketones 23a and 23b, respectively. 6-Methoxy derivative 1e also gave indenone 30. Plausible reaction mechanisms leading to the observed products are presented.