A Bivalent Ligand (KDN-21) Reveals Spinal δ and κ Opioid Receptors Are Organized as Heterodimers That Give Rise to δ1 and κ2 Phenotypes. Selective Targeting of δ−κ Heterodimers
摘要:
In view of recent pharmacological studies suggesting the existence of delta-kappa opioid receptor heterodimers/oligomers in the spinal cord, we have synthesized and evaluated (intrathecally in mice) a series of bivalent ligands (KDN series) containing kappa and delta antagonist pharmacophores. Pharmacological and binding data have provided evidence for the bridging of spinal delta-kappa receptor heterodimers by KDN-21 and for their identification as delta(1) and kappa(2). The selectivity profile of KDN-21 and the apparent absence of coupled delta(1)-kappa(2) phenotypes in the brain suggest a new approach for targeting receptors.
Discovery of N-(4-Aminobutyl)-N′-(2-methoxyethyl)guanidine as the First Selective, Nonamino Acid, Catalytic Site Inhibitor of Human Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (hDDAH-1)
摘要:
N-(4-Aminobutyl)-N'-(2-methoxyethyl)guanidine (8a) is a potent inhibitor targeting the hDDAH-1 active site (K-i = 18 mu M) and derived from a series of guanidine- and amidine-based inhibitors. Its nonamino acid nature leads to high selectivities toward other enzymes of the nitric oxide-modulating system. Crystallographic data of 8a-bound hDDAH-1 illuminated a unique binding mode. Together with its developed N-hydroxyguanidine prodrug 11, 8a will serve as a most widely applicable, pharmacological tool to target DDAH-1-associated diseases.
A bivalent ligand (KMN-21) antagonist for μ/κ heterodimeric opioid receptors
作者:Shijun Zhang、Ajay Yekkirala、Ye Tang、Philip S. Portoghese
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.045
日期:2009.12
In an effort to develop antagonists for kappa-mu opioid receptor heterodimers, a series of bivalent ligands 3-6 containing kappa- and mu-antagonist pharmacophores were designed and synthesized. Evaluation of the series in HEK-293 cells revealed 4 (KMN-21) to selectively antagonize the activation of kappa-mu heterodimers, suggesting possible bridging of receptors when the bivalent ligand spacer contains 21 atoms. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Discovery of <i>N</i>-(4-Aminobutyl)-<i>N</i>′-(2-methoxyethyl)guanidine as the First Selective, Nonamino Acid, Catalytic Site Inhibitor of Human Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (<i>h</i>DDAH-1)
作者:Ina Lunk、Felix-Alexander Litty、Sven Hennig、Ingrid R. Vetter、Jürke Kotthaus、Karin S. Altmann、Gudrun Ott、Antje Havemeyer、Carmen Carrillo García、Bernd Clement、Dennis Schade
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01230
日期:2020.1.9
N-(4-Aminobutyl)-N'-(2-methoxyethyl)guanidine (8a) is a potent inhibitor targeting the hDDAH-1 active site (K-i = 18 mu M) and derived from a series of guanidine- and amidine-based inhibitors. Its nonamino acid nature leads to high selectivities toward other enzymes of the nitric oxide-modulating system. Crystallographic data of 8a-bound hDDAH-1 illuminated a unique binding mode. Together with its developed N-hydroxyguanidine prodrug 11, 8a will serve as a most widely applicable, pharmacological tool to target DDAH-1-associated diseases.
A Bivalent Ligand (KDN-21) Reveals Spinal δ and κ Opioid Receptors Are Organized as Heterodimers That Give Rise to δ<sub>1</sub> and <i>κ</i><sub>2</sub> Phenotypes. Selective Targeting of δ−κ Heterodimers
作者:Rashmi G. Bhushan、Shiv K. Sharma、Zhihua Xie、David J. Daniels、Philip S. Portoghese
DOI:10.1021/jm0342358
日期:2004.6.1
In view of recent pharmacological studies suggesting the existence of delta-kappa opioid receptor heterodimers/oligomers in the spinal cord, we have synthesized and evaluated (intrathecally in mice) a series of bivalent ligands (KDN series) containing kappa and delta antagonist pharmacophores. Pharmacological and binding data have provided evidence for the bridging of spinal delta-kappa receptor heterodimers by KDN-21 and for their identification as delta(1) and kappa(2). The selectivity profile of KDN-21 and the apparent absence of coupled delta(1)-kappa(2) phenotypes in the brain suggest a new approach for targeting receptors.