The regiospecific addition of bromine azide to the vinyl substituent of 5-vinyl-3′,5′-di-O-acetyl- (or tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-2′-deoxyuridines (2) yielded the corresponding 5-(1-azido-2-bromoethyl)-3′,5′-di-O-protected-2′-deoxyuridines (3). Treatment of the 5-(1-azido-2-bromoethyl) compounds 3 with t-BuOK, to effect the base-catalyzed elimination of HBr, afforded the corresponding 5-(1-azidovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridines (4, 7). Thermal decomposition of 5-(1-azidovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (7) at 110 °C in dioxane yielded 5-[2-(1 -azirinyl)]-2′-deoxyuridine (9). 5-(1 -Azidovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (7) exhibited appreciable in vitro antiviral activities againist herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varizella zoster virus (VZV). Athough 7 increased the length of survival of HSV-1 brain-infected mice, it did not decrease the mortality rate relative to placebo. 5-[2-(1-Azirinyl)]-2′-deoxyuridine (9) was an inactive antiviral agent. Key words: azidovinyl, azirinyl, 2′-deoxyuridine, antiviral activity.
溴化物对5-乙烯基-3′,5′-二-O-乙酰基-(或叔丁基二甲基硅基)-2′-脱氧尿苷(2)的乙烯基取代物的区域特异性加成产生相应的5-(1-叠氮基-2-溴乙基)-3′,5′-二-O-保护基-2′-脱氧尿苷(3)。用t-BuOK处理5-(1-叠氮基-2-溴乙基)化合物3,以实现碱催化的HBr消除,得到相应的5-(1-叠氮基乙烯基)-2′-脱氧尿苷(4, 7)。在二噁烷中将5-(1-叠氮基乙烯基)-2′-脱氧尿苷(7)在110°C下热分解,得到5-[2-(1-环氧基)]-2′-脱氧尿苷(9)。5-(1-叠氮基乙烯基)-2′-脱氧尿苷(7)在体外表现出对单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1)和水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)的可观抗病毒活性。尽管7延长了HSV-1感染小鼠的存活时间,但与安慰剂相比,未降低死亡率。5-[2-(1-环氧基)]-2′-脱氧尿苷(9)是一种无活性的抗病毒剂。关键词:叠氮基乙烯基,环氧基,2′-脱氧尿苷,抗病毒活性。