作者:Panayiotis A. Koutentis、Charles W. Rees
DOI:10.1039/b000964o
日期:——
The chlorine atoms in 3,5-dichloro-4-dicyanomethylene-1,2,6-thiadiazine 1 are readily displaced by thiophenols in the presence of Hünig’s base, the first at −78 °C and the second at 20 °C to give the orange mono- and bis-arylthio derivatives in high yield (Table 1). Similarly secondary amines give the red mono- and blue bis-amino compounds in high yield (Table 2); piperidine, for example, gives the former at −78 °C and the latter at −30 °C. A low limit of reactivity is reached with diisopropylamine which gives the mono derivative only, in low yield (30%). Reactions with ammonia and with primary amines are complex since the amines formed can cyclise onto the adjacent cyano group, aniline giving only a low yield of the pyrrolo[2,3-c][1,2,6]thiadiazine 8. The 4-dicyanomethylene compound 1 is more reactive than the known 4-oxo analogue 2, but can suffer the added complications of cyano group cyclisation and hydrolysis of dicyanomethylene to the keto group. 3,5-Dimorpholino-4-dicyanomethylene-1,2,6-thiadiazine 7c is oxidized to the sulfoxide 9 with MCPBA or N2O4, and 9 reverts to 7c with triphenylphosphine–tetrachloromethane, all in high yield. Thiadiazine 1 undergoes a complex reaction with DMSO at 20 °C to give the three furo[2,3-c][1,2,6]thiadiazines 10, 11 and (tentatively) 12 which could all arise from the initial product 13 of displacement of chlorine by DMSO, by cyclisation and sulfoxide type rearrangements. Mechanisms are proposed for all new reactions.
3,5-二氯-4-二氰基亚甲基-1,2,6-噻二嗪 1 中的氯原子很容易在 Hünig 碱存在下被噻吩酚置换,前者在 -78 °C 时,后者在 20 °C 时,高产率地得到橙色的单芳基巯基和双芳基巯基衍生物(表 1)。同样,仲胺也能以高产率生成红色的单氨基化合物和蓝色的双氨基化合物(表 2);例如,哌啶能在 -78 °C 时生成前者,在 -30 °C 时生成后者。与二异丙基胺的反应活性较低,只能得到单衍生物,产率较低(30%)。与氨和伯胺的反应比较复杂,因为形成的胺可以与邻近的氰基发生环化反应,苯胺只能得到低产率的吡咯并[2,3-c][1,2,6]噻二嗪 8。与已知的 4-氧代类似物 2 相比,4-二氰基亚甲基化合物 1 的反应性更强,但会出现氰基环化和二氰基亚甲基水解为酮基的复杂情况。3,5-二吗啉基-4-二氰亚甲基-1,2,6-噻二嗪 7c 在 MCPBA 或 N2O4 的作用下被氧化成亚砜 9,9 在三苯基膦-四氯甲烷的作用下还原成 7c,所有这些反应的产率都很高。噻二嗪 1 在 20 ℃ 下与二甲基亚砜发生复杂反应,生成三种呋喃并[2,3-c][1,2,6]噻二嗪 10、11 和(暂定)12,它们都可能是由二甲基亚砜置换氯的初始产物 13 通过环化和亚砜型重排生成的。本文提出了所有新反应的机理。