Resonance Stabilized Bisdiselenazolyls as Neutral Radical Conductors
摘要:
An efficient and versatile synthetic route to resonance stabilized bisselenathiazolyl and bisdiselenazolyl radicals 3 and 4 is described. Structural analysis of 3 and 4 confirm that lattice and pi-delocalization energies are sufficient to offset solid-state dimerization of the radicals and that the two selenium-containing radicals are isostructural with the all-sulfur based system 1. Variable temperature conductivity measurements indicate that sequential replacement of sulfur by selenium leads to a progressive increase in conductivity and reduction in thermal activation energy.
Resonance Stabilized Bisdiselenazolyls as Neutral Radical Conductors
摘要:
An efficient and versatile synthetic route to resonance stabilized bisselenathiazolyl and bisdiselenazolyl radicals 3 and 4 is described. Structural analysis of 3 and 4 confirm that lattice and pi-delocalization energies are sufficient to offset solid-state dimerization of the radicals and that the two selenium-containing radicals are isostructural with the all-sulfur based system 1. Variable temperature conductivity measurements indicate that sequential replacement of sulfur by selenium leads to a progressive increase in conductivity and reduction in thermal activation energy.
Enhanced Conductivity and Magnetic Ordering in Isostructural Heavy Atom Radicals
作者:Craig M. Robertson、Alicea A. Leitch、Kristina Cvrkalj、Robert W. Reed、Daniel J. T. Myles、Paul A. Dube、Richard T. Oakley
DOI:10.1021/ja801070d
日期:2008.7.1
Synthetic methods have been developed to generate the complete series of resonance-stabilized heterocyclic thia/selenazyl radicals 1a-4a. X-ray crystallographic studies confirm that all four radicals are isostructural, belonging to the tetragonal space group P (4) over bar2(1)m. The crystal structures consist of slipped pi-stack arrays of undimerized radicals packed about (4) over bar centers running along the z direction, an arrangement which gives rise to a complex lattice-wide network of close intermolecular E-2-E-2' contacts. Variable temperature conductivity (sigma) measurements reveal an increase in conductivity with increasing selenium content, particularly so When selenium occupies the E-2 position, with sigma(300 K) reaching a maximum (for E-1 = E-2 = Se) of 3.0 x 10(-4) S cm(-1). Thermal activation energies E-act follow a similar profile, decreasing with increasing selenium content along the series 1a (0.43 eV), 3a (0.31 eV), 2a (0.27 eV), 4a (0.19 eV). Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that all four radicals exhibit S = 1/2 Curie-Weiss behavior over the temperature range 20-300 K. At lower temperatures, the three selenium-based radicals display magnetic ordering. Radical 3a, with selenium positioned at the E-1 site, undergoes a phase transition at 14 K to a weakly spin-canted (phi = 0.010 degrees) antiferromagnetic state. By contrast, radicals 2a and 4a, which both possess selenium in the E-2 position, order ferromagnetically, with Curie temperatures of T-c = 12.8 and 17.0 K, respectively. The coercive fields H-c at 2 K of 2a (250 Oe) and 4a (1370 Oe) are much larger than those seen in conventional light atom organic ferromagnets. The transport properties of the entire series 1a-4a are discussed in the light of Extended Huckel Theory band structure calculations.