1-Isopropyl-fluoren | 1210-78-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 芴
• 英文名称: 1-Isopropyl-fluoren
• 英文别名: 1-propan-2-yl-9H-fluorene
• CAS: 1210-78-2
• 化学式: C₁₆H₁₆
• 分子量: 208.303
• InChiKey: WQQVJVRRHCTWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  5.7
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.25
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  1-溴-2-异丙基苯 在 盐酸 、 manganese(IV) oxide 、 氢氧化钾 、 盐酸肼 、 环己烷 、 silica gel 、 一水合肼 、 magnesium 、 sodium sulfate 、 sodium nitrite 作用下， 以 乙醇 为溶剂， 反应 20.5h， 生成 1-Isopropyl-fluoren
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Chemistry of 1-Alkylfluorenylidenes. Steric Effects on Arylcarbene Reactivities

  摘要：

  9-Diazofluorenes (RDAF, 1) having a series of alkyl (R) groups from Me to tBu at the 1-position were prepared and decomposed to generate the corresponding fluorenylidenes (RFL, 2) under various conditions in order to examine steric effects on the reactivities of carbenes. Thus, in cyclohexane, singlet fluorenylidenes ((1)RFLs) gave 9-cyclohexylfluorenes while triplet states ((3)RFLs) underwent H abstraction to give 9-fluorenyl (RFLH(.)), which eventually led to fluorene (4, RFLH(2)) and 9,9'bifluorenyl (5), and the ratio of the triplet products to the singlet was increased as more bulky R groups were introduced at the 1-position. These results are interpreted in terms of the steric effects on singlet reactivity, which requires formation of two bonds simultaneously. Generation of tBuFL resulted in the almost exclusive formation of intramolecular reaction products which involved not only insertion of carbene into the delta-C-H bonds of the tert-butyl group but also insertion of the 1,5-biradical, followed by neophyl-type rearrangement. The results are understood as indicating that abstraction of the delta-H by (3)tBuFL gains over the concerted intramolecular C-H insertion in (1)tBuFL. Generation of 1-RFL (R = Et, iPr, tBu) in the gas phase at high temperature gave intramolecular reaction products both in singlet and in triplet states, but the ratio of the singlet to the triplet product increased in going from Et to iPr to tBu presumably due to the increased opportunities of (1)FL to be trapped by delta-C-H bonds. Spectroscopic studies using matrix isolation techniques as well as laser flash photolysis were also carried out to gain information on the intermediates.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja00121a007

文献信息

• A denitrogenative palladium-catalyzed cascade for regioselective synthesis of fluorenes
  作者：Wai Chung Fu、Fuk Yee Kwong

  DOI：10.1039/c9sc04062e

  日期：——

  cascade for the modular and regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted fluorenes. Hydrazone facilitates the Pd(II) to Pd(IV) oxidative addition in a Catellani pathway and is also the methylene synthon in the proposed reaction. Aryl iodides and 2-bromoarylaldehyde hydrazones undergo a norbornene-controlled tandem reaction sequence to give a broad scope of fluorenes in the presence of a palladium catalyst

  我们在此报道了用于多取代芴的模块化和区域选择性合成的脱氮钯催化的级联反应。dra可促进Catellani途径中的Pd（II）到Pd（IV）氧化加成反应，并且也是拟议反应中的亚甲基合成子。在钯催化剂的存在下，芳基碘化物和2-溴芳基醛经历降冰片烯控制的串联反应序列，从而得到宽范围的芴。所描述的方法是可扩展的并且适用于with基团的原位生成的三组分反应。已经进行了初步的机械研究。
• 163. Alkylation of the aromatic nucleus. Part VI. Fluorene
  作者：J. F. Cairns、W. J. Hickinbottom

  DOI：10.1039/jr9620000867

  日期：——
• Highly Efficient and Versatile Synthesis of Polyarylfluorenes via Pd-Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation
  作者：Seung Jun Hwang、Hyun Jin Kim、Sukbok Chang

  DOI：10.1021/ol901854f

  日期：2009.10.15

  A facile protocol for the Pd-catalyzed preparative synthesis of fluorene derivatives has been developed. While a wide range of fluorenes; were easily obtained with high efficiency and selectivity under mild conditions, excellent functional group tolerance was also demonstrated. On the basis of Hammett and KIE studies, the present reaction is proposed to proceed via a base-assisted deprotonative metalation pathway.
• Chemistry of 1-Alkylfluorenylidenes. Steric Effects on Arylcarbene Reactivities
  作者：Hideo Tomioka、Hiroshi Kawasaki、Noriyuki Kobayashi、Katsuyuki Hirai

  DOI：10.1021/ja00121a007

  日期：1995.4

  9-Diazofluorenes (RDAF, 1) having a series of alkyl (R) groups from Me to tBu at the 1-position were prepared and decomposed to generate the corresponding fluorenylidenes (RFL, 2) under various conditions in order to examine steric effects on the reactivities of carbenes. Thus, in cyclohexane, singlet fluorenylidenes ((1)RFLs) gave 9-cyclohexylfluorenes while triplet states ((3)RFLs) underwent H abstraction to give 9-fluorenyl (RFLH(.)), which eventually led to fluorene (4, RFLH(2)) and 9,9'bifluorenyl (5), and the ratio of the triplet products to the singlet was increased as more bulky R groups were introduced at the 1-position. These results are interpreted in terms of the steric effects on singlet reactivity, which requires formation of two bonds simultaneously. Generation of tBuFL resulted in the almost exclusive formation of intramolecular reaction products which involved not only insertion of carbene into the delta-C-H bonds of the tert-butyl group but also insertion of the 1,5-biradical, followed by neophyl-type rearrangement. The results are understood as indicating that abstraction of the delta-H by (3)tBuFL gains over the concerted intramolecular C-H insertion in (1)tBuFL. Generation of 1-RFL (R = Et, iPr, tBu) in the gas phase at high temperature gave intramolecular reaction products both in singlet and in triplet states, but the ratio of the singlet to the triplet product increased in going from Et to iPr to tBu presumably due to the increased opportunities of (1)FL to be trapped by delta-C-H bonds. Spectroscopic studies using matrix isolation techniques as well as laser flash photolysis were also carried out to gain information on the intermediates.