Reductive Cyclization of δ-Hydroxy Nitriles: A New Synthesis of Glycosylamines
作者:Andrew D. Dorsey、Jennifer E. Barbarow、Dirk Trauner
DOI:10.1021/ol035111s
日期:2003.9.1
[reaction: see text] The stereoselective cyclization of delta-hydroxy nitriles to afford N,O-acetals and the application of this reaction toward the synthesis of glycosylamines is described.
Polyhydroxy 4-azaspiro[2.4]heptane derivatives (spirocyclopropyl iminosugars) were prepared in four to six steps from readily available protected aldoses. The key step of the reaction sequence involves a titanium-mediated aminocyclopropanation of glycononitriles with subsequent cyclization. Five new polyhydroxypyrrolidines so-obtained have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit 16 glycosidases. One of them exhibits selective inhibition Of alpha-L-fucosidase from bovine kidney (K-i = 1.6 mu M, competitive). (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A convenient approach toward the synthesis of enantiopure isomers of DMDP and ADMDP
A practical method for the synthesis of five-membered iminocyclitols, pyrrolidine alkaloids bearing multiple hydroxyl substituents, has been developed. All of the eight key intermediates, enantiopure tri-O-benzyl cyclic nitrones, are prepared from four cheap, readily available D-aldopentoses. The nucleophilic addition of cyclic nitrones with vinyl magnesium chloride and TMSCN shows high 2,3-trans stereoselectivity. To construct the 2,3-cis configurations, inversion of the C-2 nitrile group is achieved via an elimination-reduction sequence. Using this approach, five isomers of DMDP and six isomers of ADMDP are prepared efficiently. In the biological evaluation, iminocyclitol 27 is a new and potent inhibitor against beta-hexosaminidase with an IC50 value of 0.2 mu M. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.