Substituted Pyrrol-1-ylacetic Acids That Combine Aldose Reductase Enzyme Inhibitory Activity and Ability To Prevent the Nonenzymatic Irreversible Modification of Proteins from Monosaccharides
作者:Ioannis Nicolaou、Vassilis J. Demopoulos
DOI:10.1021/jm0209477
日期:2003.1.1
Starting from the known inhibitory activity of (3-benzoylpyrrol-1-yl)acetic acid (1) and (2-benzoylpyrrol-1-yl)acetic acid (II), a series of 3-aroyl and 2,4-bis-aroyl derivatives (54-75) were synthesized and tested for inhibition of aldose reductase, an enzyme involved in the appearance of diabetic complications. It was found that a number of the tested compounds exhibited considerable activity in the micromolar range. Important structural features for the potent compounds is the presence of substituents with relatively low Hammett sigma values and/ or moieties which increase their overall aromatic area. The most active derivative was the [2,4-bis(4-methoxybenzoyl)pyrrol-1-yl] acetic acid (75), with potency favorably compared to known ARIs such as tolrestat, epalrestat, zopolrestat, and fidarestat. Four selected derivatives were also evaluated for their ability to interfere with the oxidative modification of serum albumin in an in vitro experimental glycation model of diabetes mellitus. All of them showed considerable activity, comparable to the known inhibitor trolox. Our results, taken together, indicate that compound 75 combines favorably two biological activities directly connected to a number of pathological conditions related to the chronic diabetes mellitus.
Isomeric Benzoylpyrroleacetic Acids: Some Structural Aspects for Aldose Reductase Inhibitory and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
作者:Vassilis J. Demopoulos、Eleni Rekka
DOI:10.1002/jps.2600840119
日期:1995.1
A number of isomericbenzoylpyrroleaceticacids (1-6) were prepared and tested in vitro for rat lenses aldosereductaseactivity. These pyrrole derivatives are structurally related to the acidic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, their anti-inflammatory properties were also evaluated in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Inhibition of the aldosereductase enzyme was found to
制备了许多异构的苯甲酰基吡咯烷乙酸(1-6),并在体外测试了大鼠晶状体醛糖还原酶的活性。这些吡咯衍生物在结构上与酸性非甾体抗炎药有关。因此,还在角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠爪水肿模型中评估了它们的抗炎特性。发现醛糖还原酶的抑制取决于苯甲酰基和乙酸官能团的存在。当这些部分被引入吡咯环的位置1和3时,导致更好的活性。然而,对于抗炎活性,乙酸基不是必需的,并且在某些情况下,乙酸基的存在导致活性丧失。3-苄基吡咯-1-乙酸(6)的IC50为2。在醛糖还原酶测定中为5 microM,与alrestatin(1.5 microM)相当。然而,在大鼠爪模型中,化合物6在最高100 mg / kg ip的剂量下未显示出抗炎活性。