Recent studies have shown that probucol (PB), a hipocholesterolemic agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, presents neuroprotective properties. On the other hand, adverse effects have limited PB’s clinical application. Thus, the search for PB derivatives with no or less adverse effects has been a topic of research. In this study, we present a novel organoselenium PB derivative (RC513) and investigate its potential protective activity in an in vitro experimental model of oxidative toxicity induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) in HT22 neuronal cells, as well as exploit potential protective mechanisms. tBuOOH exposure caused a significant decrease in the cell viability, which was preceded by (i) increased reactive species generation and (ii) decreased mitochondrial maximum oxygen consumption rate. RC513 pretreatment (48 h) significantly prevented the tBuOOH-induced decrease of cell viability, RS generation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Of note, RC513 significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and mRNA expression of GPx1, a key enzyme involved in peroxide detoxification. The use of mercaptosuccinic acid, an inhibitor of GPx, significantly decreased the protective activity of RC513 against tBuOOH-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells, highlighting the importance of GPx upregulation in the observed protection. In summary, the results showed a significant protective activity of a novel PB derivative against tBuOOH-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which was related to the upregulation of GPx. Our results point to RC513 as a promising neuroprotective molecule, even though studies concerning potential beneficial effects and safety aspects of RC513 under in vivo conditions are well warranted.
最近的研究表明,普布可(PB)是一种具有抗
氧化和抗炎特性的降
胆固醇剂,表现出神经保护特性。然而,副作用限制了PB的临床应用。因此,寻找无或少副作用的PB衍
生物一直是研究的主题。在本研究中,我们提出了一种新型有机
硒PB衍
生物(RC513),并研究其在由
叔丁基过氧化氢(tBuOOH)诱导的HT22神经元细胞
氧化毒性体外实验模型中的潜在保护活性,并探讨潜在的保护机制。tBuOOH暴露导致细胞活力显著下降,伴随(i)活性物质生成增加和(ii)线粒体最大
氧消耗率下降。RC513预处理(48小时)显著防止了tBuOOH诱导的细胞活力下降、活性物质生成增加及线粒体功能障碍。值得注意的是,RC513显著增加了
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(G
Px)活性及G
Px1的mRNA表达,G
Px是参与过
氧化物解毒的关键酶。使用G
Px抑制剂—
巯基琥珀酸对RC513抵御tBuOOH诱导的HT22细胞细胞毒性的保护活性产生了显著降低,强调了G
Px上调在观察到的保护中的重要性。总之,结果显示新型PB衍
生物对tBuOOH诱导的
氧化应激和线粒体功能障碍具有显著的保护活性,这与G
Px的上调相关。我们的结果表明RC513是一种有前景的神经保护分子,尽管在体内条件下关于RC513潜在益处和安全性的研究仍然非常必要。