Efficient conversion of 2-(7-oxo-2,6-diaza-4-thiabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-yl)-3-chloromethyl-3-butenoates (4), derived from natural penicillins, into 3-methylenecephams (1) has been performed by a simple two-step operation, which comprises replacement of the allylic chlorine atom of 4 with iodine and subsequent acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, leading to 1 in 70–54% overall yields. In the latter step, the ring opening of the thiazoline moiety and the intramolecular substitution of the iodide with the thiol group proceed simultaneously.
从天然
青霉素中提取的 2-(7-氧代-2,6-二氮杂-4-
硫杂双环[3.2.0]庚-2-烯-6-基)-3-
氯甲基-3-
丁烯酸盐 (4) 通过简单的两步操作被高效地转化成了 3-亚甲基
樟脑 (1),其中包括用
碘取代 4 的烯丙基
氯原子以及随后的酸催化
水解,从而得到了总收率为 70-54% 的 1。在后一个步骤中,
噻唑啉分子的开环和
碘化物与
硫醇基团的分子内取代同时进行。