Asymmetric Fluorolactonization with a Bifunctional Hydroxyl Carboxylate Catalyst
摘要:
We report the first successful example of a highly enantioselective fluorolactonization with an electrophilic fluorinating reagent, Selectfluor (R), in the presence of a novel bifunctional organocatalyst. The catalyst design includes a carboxylate anion functioning as a phase-transfer agent and a benzyl alcohol unit to capture the substrate through hydrogen bonding. Fluorinated isobenzofuranones were obtained in good yields with up to 94% ee (97:3 er). On the basis of mechanistic studies, we propose a unique reaction mechanism with potential for further applications.
A series of benzimidazolium chlorides was synthesized as precursors to N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, with N-substituents varying in size from 3,5-xylyl (1a) to first-generation dendritic 3,5-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)phenyl (1b), to the second-generation 3,5-bis[3,5-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)phenyl]phenyl (1c). The dendritic side groups of 1b and 1c form a flexible, bowl-like cavity. Iridium complexes of 1a-c were synthesized and were shown to be catalytically active for the hydrosilylation of aryl methyl ketones. The dendritic ligands 1b and 1c effect a moderate level of substrate specificity in the competitive hydrosilylation of ketones of varying size. In the competitive hydrosilylation of acetophenone versus 3-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)acetophenone, acetophenone is consumed approximately 3.7 times more quickly using the second-generation ligand 1c. Using the control ligand la, this ratio is 1.8.
Chiral Dienes as “Ligands” for Borane-Catalyzed Metal-Free Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines
作者:Yongbing Liu、Haifeng Du
DOI:10.1021/ja4025808
日期:2013.5.8
This paper describes a highly enantioselective metal-free hydrogenation of imines using chiral dienes as "ligands" for the generation of catalysts with HB(C6F5)2 by hydroboration in situ to furnish a variety of chiral amines with up to 89% ee, which provides a practical strategy for the development of novel chiralfrustratedLewispairs for asymmetric hydrogenation.
本文描述了使用手性二烯作为“配体”对亚胺进行高度对映选择性的无金属氢化,通过原位硼氢化反应生成具有 HB(C6F5)2 的催化剂,以提供各种手性胺,其 ee 高达 89%,从而提供开发用于不对称氢化的新型手性受阻路易斯对的实用策略。