5- and 6-Membered (thio)lactones are prodrug type carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
摘要:
The inhibition of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) with (thio) coumarins has been recently reported (Maresca et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3057). Here we demonstrate that a series of gamma- and delta-(thio) lactones also act as mechanism based, prodrug type CA inhibitors, similar to the (thio) coumarins. Through the esterase activity of CA, these compounds are hydrolyzed in situ to the corresponding hydroxy/keto/mercapto acids which thereafter act as inhibitors. CA isoforms I and IX were efficiently inhibited by simple such compounds, with KIs in the range of 0.92-19.1 mu M, whereas CA II was not inhibited at all. Isoform-selective CA inhibitors which spare the ubiquitous off-target CA II may have interesting applications for example for selectively inhibiting the tumor-associated CA IX, a validated anticancer target. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reaction of pyran-2-thiones 4 with nitrosoderivatives led surprisingly to type-8 (19) adducts which proved to be isomeric with the initially expected primary Diels-Alder cycloadducts 5. Methyl 2-thioxo-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate (4f), when reacted with nitrosobenzene at -10°, led quantitatively to the thieto-oxazine intermediate 13, which turned out to be the cornerstone of the complex cycloaddition-rearrangement
吡喃-2-硫酮的反应4与导致令人惊奇的亚硝基衍生物型- 8(19被证明是同分异构体与最初的预期主要)加合物狄尔斯-阿尔德cycloadducts 5。当在-10°下与亚硝基苯反应时,2-thioxo-2 H -pyran-5-羧酸甲酯(4f)定量地导致硫代恶嗪中间体13转化为复杂的环加成重排5 的基石。8个反应途径(方案3)。差示扫描量热法,与18a 19a相同转化,被允许证明该多步重排总体上是高温放热过程,最终产物19代表沿着该反应路径的能量吸收器。
An unexpected addition product of nitrosobenzene with pyran-2-thione
Pyran-2-thione reacts with stocheiometric amounts of nitrosobenzene, leading on quantitative yield to an unusual adduct whose structures is unambiguously determined by n.m.r. spectroscopy and X-ray data.
作者:DEFOIN, A.、AUGEIMANN, G.、FRITZ, H.、GEFFROY, G.、SCHMIDLIN, C.、STREITH, J.
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SHUSHERINA N. P.; PILIPENKO V. S., ZH. ORGAN. XIMII, 1978, 14, HO 4, 895
作者:SHUSHERINA N. P.、 PILIPENKO V. S.
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Controllable Cycloadditions between 2<i>H</i>-(Thio)pyran-2-(thi)ones and Strained Alkynes: A Click-and-Release Strategy for COS/H<sub>2</sub>S Generation
作者:Qi Cui、Tony W. Pan、Meg Shieh、Shane S. Kelly、Shi Xu、Wei-Jun Qian、Ming Xian