Conformationally Constrained, Stable, Triplet Ground State (S = 1) Nitroxide Diradicals. Antiferromagnetic Chains of S = 1 Diradicals
摘要:
Nitroxide diradicals, in which nitroxides are annelated to m-phenylene forming tricyclic benzobisoxazine-like structures, have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, magnetic resonance (EPR and H-1 NMR) spectroscopy, as well as magnetic studies in solution and in solid state. For the octamethyl derivative of benzobisoxazine nitroxide diradical, the conformationally constrained nitroxide moieties are coplanar with the m-phenylene, leading to large values of 2J (2J/k > 200 K in solution and 2J/k > 300 K in the solid state). For the diradical, in which all ortho and para positions of the m-phenylene are sterically shielded, distortion of the nitroxide moieties from coplanarity is moderate, such that the singlet-triplet gaps remain large in both solution (2J/k > 200 K) and the solid state (2J/k approximate to 400-800 K), though an onset of thermal depopulation of the triplet ground state is detectable near room temperature. These diradicals have robust triplet ground states with strong ferromagnetic coupling and good stability at ambient conditions. Magnetic behavior of the nitroxide diradicals at low temperature is best fit to the model of one-dimensional S = 1 Heisenberg chains with intrachain antiferromagnetic coupling. The antiferromagnetic coupling between the S = 1 diradicals may be associated with the methyl nitroxide C-H- - -O contacts, including nonclassical hydrogen bonds. These unprecedented organic S = 1 antiferromagnetic chains are highly isotropic, compared to those of the extensively studied Ni(II)-based chains.
LIQUID CRYSTAL ALIGNMENT AGENT, LIQUID CRYSTAL ALIGNMENT FILM, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ELEMENT HAVING THE SAME
申请人:CHI MEI CORPORATION
公开号:US20170029703A1
公开(公告)日:2017-02-02
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment agent, a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal alignment agent includes a polymer composition (A) synthesized by tetracarboxylic dianhydride compound (a) and diamine compound (b), and a solvent (B). The diamine compound (b) includes diamine (b-1) shown as following formula (I) and diamine (b-2):
in formula (I), R
1
represents a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, a linear or branched hydroxyl alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, an alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbons, an alkylthio of 1 to 6 carbons, a halogen atom, an amino group or a nitro group; R
2
represents a methylene group, a divalent alkyl of 2 to 10 carbons, a divalent alkenyl of 2 to 7 carbons or a divalent alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbons; and a represents an integer of 0 to 3.
PATTERN FORMING METHOD, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRONIC DEVICE, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, ACTIVE-LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR RADIATION-SENSITIVE RESIN COMPOSITION, RESIST FILM AND MASK BLANK
申请人:FUJIFILM Corporation
公开号:US20170121437A1
公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
A pattern forming method includes forming a film using an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, exposing the film with active light or radiation, and developing the exposed film using a developer including an organic solvent, in which the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition contains a compound having a partial structure represented by General Formula (I).
US9976088B2
申请人:——
公开号:US9976088B2
公开(公告)日:2018-05-22
Conformationally Constrained, Stable, Triplet Ground State (<i>S</i> = 1) Nitroxide Diradicals. Antiferromagnetic Chains of <i>S</i> = 1 Diradicals
Nitroxide diradicals, in which nitroxides are annelated to m-phenylene forming tricyclic benzobisoxazine-like structures, have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, magnetic resonance (EPR and H-1 NMR) spectroscopy, as well as magnetic studies in solution and in solid state. For the octamethyl derivative of benzobisoxazine nitroxide diradical, the conformationally constrained nitroxide moieties are coplanar with the m-phenylene, leading to large values of 2J (2J/k > 200 K in solution and 2J/k > 300 K in the solid state). For the diradical, in which all ortho and para positions of the m-phenylene are sterically shielded, distortion of the nitroxide moieties from coplanarity is moderate, such that the singlet-triplet gaps remain large in both solution (2J/k > 200 K) and the solid state (2J/k approximate to 400-800 K), though an onset of thermal depopulation of the triplet ground state is detectable near room temperature. These diradicals have robust triplet ground states with strong ferromagnetic coupling and good stability at ambient conditions. Magnetic behavior of the nitroxide diradicals at low temperature is best fit to the model of one-dimensional S = 1 Heisenberg chains with intrachain antiferromagnetic coupling. The antiferromagnetic coupling between the S = 1 diradicals may be associated with the methyl nitroxide C-H- - -O contacts, including nonclassical hydrogen bonds. These unprecedented organic S = 1 antiferromagnetic chains are highly isotropic, compared to those of the extensively studied Ni(II)-based chains.